Optimization and Biodiesel Production from Prosopis Julifera Oil with High Free Fatty Acids

Abstract

Prosopis julifera is a non-edible feedstock found in the arid and semi-arid regions was used for the production of biodiesel. Solvent extraction technique was used for oil extraction from Prosopis julifera .The present work mainly concentrates on the three step process of biodiesel production from Prosopis julifera oil .The acid value of Prosopis julifera oil was reduced below 1% using acid catalyst 1% v/v H2SO4 followed by esterification process using alkaline catalyst (KOH).Transesterification reaction is found to be affected by the reaction variables namely methanol to oil molar ratio, amount of catalyst used, reaction time and reaction temperature. Gas chromatography was used to analyse the Fatty acid methyl esters. The methyl ester obtained from the previous step was refined to produce biodiesel. The fuel properties of Prosopis julifera methyl ester (PJME) such as viscosity, cetane number, flash point, acid value, etc were determined and compared according to the ASTM standards. The optimum reaction conditions of Methanol/oil molar ratio of 9:1v/v, reaction temperature of 55 0 C, reaction time of 2 hrs and 0.75% w/v of KOH usage were determined. Response surface Methodology (RSM) technique was used to optimize the maximum yield of Prosopis julifera methyl ester.

Performance and Emission Analysis of Watermelon Seed Oil Methyl Ester and n-Butanol Blends Fueled Diesel Engine

“…CO recorded lower values for WME20, W20Bu5D75, and W20Bu10D70 blends vis-à-vis standard diesel at all load conditions. e surplus availability of oxygen in WME and blends indorses lower emissions of CO [30,31]. e peak CO emissions were 0.078% for W20Bu5D75, 0.088% for diesel, 0.083% for WME20, and 0.075% for W20Bu10D70 at the crest load.…”

A multi-variant approach to optimize process parameters of two-step pretreatment of high FFA Prosopis juliflora oil

“…The estimated global use of vegetable oil as feedstock is 100 million tonnes (Balat 2011;Gopinathan 2009;. Following an effort by the European Commission to promote the use of biodiesel for transportation, the output of biodiesel in the European Union (EU) increased from 1066 million tonnes in 2002 to 10288 million tonnes in 2008 (Ramadhas et al, 2005;Rajeshwaran et al, 2018;Bankovi et al, 2012). The development and modification of engines are given the highest priority due to the strict regulations on engine exhaust emissions and the intense concern for the environment.…”

Optimization of biodiesel production parameters from Prosopis julifera seed using definitive screening design

“…julifera is one of the non-edible plant oil sources. It is a member of the Leguminosae family, which is found in tropical and sub-tropical zones all over the world, such as Africa, South America, Asia, India, Himalayas, and Pakistan (Rajeshwaran et al, 2018). P. julifera plant can cause deterioration of other plant species, soil quality and water supply, with negative implication on local communities (Singh et al, 2020a, b;Kumar and Gupta, 2020).…”

“…Currently, heterogeneous catalysts in nano sizes are used to produce biodiesel. Nanocatalyst has a high specific surface area that can be useful in the transesterification step (Rajeshwaran et al, 2018).…”