In this article,
we discuss carbon nanoparticles for application
as antibacterials and food-packaging materials. The use of petroleum-derived
products, synthetic materials, ceramics, wax, etc. in the food-packaging
industry emits polluted gas and wastewater, which leads to environmental
pollution. To overcome the problems faced by the industry to preserve
and package food, carbon nanomaterials may be good alternatives to
enhance the shelf life of food without affecting the nutrients. Carbon
atoms bond with each other in diverse ways to form many allotropes,
resulting in a variety of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs). CNMs include
zero-dimensional carbon dots, graphene quantum dots, 1-dimensional
carbon nanotubes, 2-dimensional pristine graphene, graphene oxide,
reduced graphene oxide, and other derivatives of graphene. Most of
the carbon-based nanomaterials are synthesized through a green process
that is widely used in the field of food science and technology, and
they are used mostly as antibacterial agents and as a biofiller in
the development of active food-packaging materials. Carbon nanomaterials
(CNMs), viz., carbon dots, graphene, activated carbon-based nanocomposites,
carbon nanotubes, etc., are found to be environmentally benign and
better materials for food packaging. With antibacterial efficiency,
they support food preservation and other applications as well. Thus,
carbon nanostructures are found to be applicable as superior materials
for food preservation and packaging in modern industry.