Optimization and kinetic study of CaO nano-particles catalyzed biodiesel production from Bombax ceiba oil

Hebbar, H.R. Harsha; Math, M. C.; Yatish, K. V.

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.10.118

Cited by 116 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Catalytic activity was evaluated in terms of the ability to promote the esterification of lauric acid, the major fatty acid (52.68%) of coconut oil [ 34 ], with methanol, as described in previous studies [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Herein, we varied the nanocellulose: α-Fe 2 O 3 –ZrO 2 mass ratio (0.5:1, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1) and catalyst type (nano-α-Fe 2 O 3 , nano-ZrO 2 , α-Fe 2 O 3 –ZrO 2 , and cellulose@α-Fe 2 O 3 –ZrO 2 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly efficient synthesis of biodiesel catalyzed by a cellulose@hematite-zirconia nanocomposite

Helmiyati

Abbas

Dini

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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The depletion of fossil fuels calls for the development of renewable alternatives such as biodiesel and has inspired much research on catalysts for the production of biodiesel through the esterification of biomass-derived materials. Herein, a green heterogeneous catalyst for highly efficient biodiesel synthesis was fabricated from rice straw–derived cellulose, hematite, and zirconia and was shown to contain porous irregularly shaped α-Fe 2 O 3 –ZrO 2 composites (average particle size = 42.5 nm) evenly distributed on the nanocellulose surface. The optimal catalyst (nanocellulose:α-Fe 2 O 3 –ZrO 2 = 2:1, w/w) afforded biodiesel in a yield of 92.50% and with specifications close to those prescribed by international standards. This catalyst could be reused for up to five cycles without a marked activity loss, with the biodiesel yield in the fifth cycle equaling 80.0%. The developed nanocomposite holds great promise for cutting the costs of biodiesel production, as it is derived from biodegradable raw materials and is renewable, non-corrosive, easy to handle, and green. In addition, the large-scale discharge of this catalyst after use does not pose a hazard to the environment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly efficient synthesis of biodiesel catalyzed by a cellulose@hematite-zirconia nanocomposite

Helmiyati

Abbas

Dini

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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“…The bands at 1490 cm −1 and 809 cm −1 were attributed to the asymmetric stretching of C=O and attributed to the absorbed CO 2 (see Figure S4, where a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of CaNO 3 •4H 2 O was achieved) [51]. The displayed bands of 1118 cm −1 for Si-O-Zr in the core-shell and 3428 cm −1 shows the presence of the -OH group stretching, considering the physically adsorbed water on the surface of zirconium [34,52].…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Solid catalysts, such as MgO [2] Li/TiO 2 [10], La 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 [11], CaO-La 2 O 3 [26], CaO [27][28][29], potassium-impregnated Fe 3 O 4 -CeO 2 [9], Li 2 SiO 3 [30], and Ag/CeO 2 [31], have been efficiently employed for biodiesel production. Nanomaterial catalysts have gained attention in academia and industry due to their properties in tuning chemical reactions [9,[32][33][34]. The main advantage of these materials is primarily attributed to the novel properties of nanoparticles comprising their nanoscale size, structure, morphology, and reactivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of the ZrO2 Loading in SiO2@ZrO2-CaO Catalysts for Transesterification Reaction

et al. 2020

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The effect of the ZrO2 loading was studied on spherical SiO2@ZrO2-CaO structures synthetized by a simple route that combines the Stöber and sol-gel methods. The texture of these materials was determined using SBET by N2 adsorption, where the increment in SiO2 spheres’ surface areas was reached with the incorporation of ZrO2. Combined the characterization techniques of using different alcoholic dissolutions of zirconium (VI) butoxide 0.04 M, 0.06 M, and 0.08 M, we obtained SiO2@ZrO2 materials with 5.7, 20.2, and 25.2 wt % of Zr. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis also uncovered the shape and reproducibility of the SiO2 spheres. The presence of Zr and Ca in the core–shell was also determined by TEM. X-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles showed that the c-ZrO2 phase changed in to m-ZrO2 by incorporating calcium, which was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. The purity of the SiO2 spheres, as well as the presence of Zr and Ca in the core–shell, was assessed by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) method. CO2 temperature programmed desorption (TPD-CO2) measurements confirmed the increment in the amount of the basic sites and strength of these basic sites due to calcium incorporation. The catalyst reuse in FAME production from canola oil transesterification allowed confirmation that these calcium core@shell catalysts turn out to be actives and stables for this reaction.

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“…These three variables were chosen because their effects are the most influential in biodiesel production [5,35]. The methanol to rubber seed oil ratio ranged from 10:1 to 40:1, catalysts loading ranged from 1.5 to 4.5 wt %, and reaction time ranged from 30 to 60 min [35,[39][40][41].…”

Section: Experimental Design and Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Biodiesel Production Using Nanomagnetic CaO-Based Catalysts with Subcritical Methanol Transesterification of Rubber Seed Oil

Winoto

Yoswathana

2019

Energies

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The molar ratio of methanol to rubber seed oil (RSO), catalyst loading, and the reaction time of RSO biodiesel production were optimized in this work. The response surface methodology, using the Box–Behnken design, was analyzed to determine the optimum fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield. The performance of various nanomagnetic CaO-based catalysts—KF/CaO-Fe3O4, KF/CaO-Fe3O4-Li (Li additives), and KF/CaO-Fe3O4-Al (Al additives)—were compared. Rubber seed biodiesel was produced via the transesterification process under subcritical methanol conditions with nanomagnetic catalysts. The experimental results indicated that the KF/CaO-Fe3O4-Al nanomagnetic catalyst produced the highest FAME yield of 86.79%. The optimum conditions were a 28:1 molar ratio of methanol to RSO, 1.5 wt % catalyst, and 49 min reaction time. Al additives of KF/CaO-Fe3O4 nanomagnetic catalyst enhanced FAME yield without Al up to 18.17% and shortened the reaction time by up to 11 min.

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Optimization and kinetic study of CaO nano-particles catalyzed biodiesel production from Bombax ceiba oil

Cited by 116 publications

References 51 publications

Highly efficient synthesis of biodiesel catalyzed by a cellulose@hematite-zirconia nanocomposite

Highly efficient synthesis of biodiesel catalyzed by a cellulose@hematite-zirconia nanocomposite

The Effect of the ZrO2 Loading in SiO2@ZrO2-CaO Catalysts for Transesterification Reaction

Optimization of Biodiesel Production Using Nanomagnetic CaO-Based Catalysts with Subcritical Methanol Transesterification of Rubber Seed Oil

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