Optimization, kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamic investigation of cationic dye adsorption on the fish bone

Abstract

The present study evaluates the thermodynamic, kinetic, and isotherm parameters of the adsorption of two cationic dyes as well as the optimization of their removal process using fish bone as the adsorbent. The determination of isoelectric pH (pH ZPC ) of the adsorbent demonstrated that the surface of the fish bone was negatively charged at high pH values, which could adsorb cationic dye molecules. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Tempkin adsorption isotherms were investigated and the results showed that the removal of both dyes followed Tempkin isotherm. Adsorption kinetic studies indicated that the dye removal conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetic model; and calculation of the thermodynamic parameters revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous (ΔG < 0) and endothermic (ΔH > 0). Also, the response surface methodology was employed for the design of experiments in binary systems using the mixture of both dyes; and the effect of operating parameters (pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, and time) was investigated and the removal process was optimized. Eventually, the results indicated that the fish bone can be used as a proper adsorbent for the removal of cationic dyes from multi-component colored wastewaters.

Adsorption Properties of Methyl Orange in Water by Sheep Manure Biochar

“…Therefore, the adsorption of biochar to MO in this study was mainly chemical adsorption. ∆H were greater than 0, suggesting that the adsorption process was an endothermic reaction [32], and ∆S were greater than 0, indicating that there was entropy increase in the adsorption [33].…”

The potential application of tomato seeds as low-cost industrial waste in the adsorption of organic dye molecules from colored effluents

“…In order to study the regeneration possibility of TS to be used in more cycles of adsorption procedures and to keep the process cost down, 0.8 g/L of the previously dye-loaded adsorbent (at pH 3, TS dosages of 0.6 and 1.0 g/L for AR14 and AB92 and initial dye concentration of 50 mg/L) was added to 250-mL distilled water at various pH values (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Desorption percentages are illustrated in Fig.…”

“…[3,6]. Adsorption is a preferable process to the other techniques due to its simple design, facile operation, and the ability to separate a wide range of compounds.…”

“…In recent years, it has become a remarkable subject for the researchers working on the environmental issues and wastewater treatment. Among the various processes in this industry, dyeing and finishing procedures are the main sources of wastewater production [1][2][3].…”

“…Different types of materials with organic/ mineral and natural/synthetic base are now being used as adsorbent in various studies [7,8]. Recently, many researches have been conducted to find available, effective, and low-cost materials like industrial and agricultural byproducts with the adsorption ability [2,3,9,10]. Various agricultural byproducts such as fern, rice husk, oak leaves [11], apple shell, orange peel, banana peel, millet waste [12], peach palm waste [13], coffee residues [14], and sugarcane bagasse [15] have been studied as adsorbent for the removal of different pollutants from wastewaters.…”