Optimization, Kinetics, Thermodynamic and Arrhenius Model of the Removal of Ciprofloxacin by Internal Electrolysis with Fe-Cu and Fe-C Materials

Abstract

The ciprofloxacin (CIP) removal ability of a Fe-Cu electrolytic material was examined with respect to pH (2–9), time (15–150 min), shaking speed (100–250 rpm), material mass (0.2–3 g/L), temperature (298, 308, 323) and initial CIP concentration (30–200 mg/L). The Fe-Cu electrolytic materials were fabricated by the chemical plating method, and Fe-C materials were mechanically mixed from iron powder and graphite. The results show that at a pH value of 3, shaking time 120 min, shaking speed 250 rpm, a mass of Fe-Cu, Fe-C material of 2 g/L and initial CIP concentration of 203.79 mg/L, the CIP removal efficiency of Fe-Cu material reached 90.25% and that of Fe-C material was 85.12%. The removal of CIP on Fe-Cu and Fe-C materials follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. The activation energy of CIP removal of Fe-Cu material is 14.93 KJ/mol and of Fe-C material is 16.87 KJ/mol. The positive ΔH proves that CIP removal is endothermic. A negative entropy of 0.239 kJ/mol and 0.235 kJ/mol (which is near zero and is also relatively positive) indicated the rapid removal of the CIP molecules into the removed products.

Study of the Ciprofloxacin Adsorption of Activated Carbon Prepared from Mangosteen Peel

“…Thus, various chemical reagents and physical and chemical methods have been developed to remove CIP from wastewater, such as adsorption [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], photocatalysis [17][18][19][20][21], internal electrolysis [22], ozonation, oxidation [2], flocculation [23], and microbial treatment [24]. Among these methods, adsorption has been proven to be an effective approach because of its ease of operation, low cost, and high efficiency.…”