Optimization Model of Electric Vehicles Charging and Discharging Strategy Considering the Safe Operation of Distribution Network

Abstract

Against the background of carbon neutrality, the power dispatching operation mode has undergone great changes. It not only gradually realizes the coordinated control of source–grid–load–storage, but also strives to realize the multi-level coordination of the transmission network, distribution network and microgrid. Disorderly charging and discharging of large-scale electric vehicles (EVs) will have a great negative impact on the distribution network, but aggregating EVs and guiding them to charge and discharge in an orderly manner will play a positive role in delaying investment in the distribution network. Therefore, it is urgent to adopt an effective scheduling control strategy for electric vehicle charging and discharging. First, a variety of indexes were set to analyze the influence of EVs access on distribution network and the correlation between the indexes. Then, by defining the EVs penetration rate and the load simultaneous rate, the charging load planning of EVs was calculated. Based on the simultaneous load rate, the regional electricity load plan was calculated, and a configuration model of distribution capacity suitable for charging loads in different regions was constructed. Finally, an optimal dispatch model for electric vehicles considering the safety of distribution network was proposed and the distribution transformer capacity allocation model was used as the optimization target constraint. Compared with most optimized dispatch models used to maximize aggregator revenues and reduce peak-to-valley differences and load fluctuations in distribution networks, this model could effectively reduce unnecessary investment while meeting regional distribution transformer needs and maintaining distribution network security. Taking the improved IEEE 34-bus systems as an example, the simulation analysis was carried out and the investment demand of distribution network under the condition of disordered and orderly charge and discharge was compared. The results show that the proposed optimal scheduling method can effectively reduce the load fluctuation of distribution network, keep the voltage offset within the allowable voltage deviation range, and can effectively delay the investment of distribution network.

Optimization of Control Strategy for Orderly Charging of Electric Vehicles in Mountainous Cities

“…The scenario in this paper is set in the context of a charging contract between an electric vehicle user and an aggregator [14], and the aggregator provides the user with certain infrastructure, such as charging pile installation, communication services, and battery repair and replacement services. Based on these conditions, the charging demand of the EV user is met and the EV of the contracted user is controlled for orderly charging and utility-scale EV operation [15,16].…”

“…J. 2022, 13,195 2 of 16 Reduced the valley-peak difference and ensured the benefits of EV aggregators according to EV travel rules. In the literature [8], in addition to a PSO algorithm, a combination of competitive learning, inverse learning, and local searching is used to solve the EV charging management strategy with the aim of reducing the grid running cost and the minimum charging cost for EV users.…”

A Novel Multi Level Dynamic Decomposition Based Coordinated Control of Electric Vehicles in Multimicrogrids

“…There is no economical benefit if EVs are not charged smartly. For example, an EV charged from a coal power plant will produce more pollution than a conventional fossil-fuel-based EV [4][5][6][7][8]. On the other hand, EVs with high parking hours (22 on average [9]) act as mobile energy storage that can be deployed to support a conventional grid [10][11][12][13][14].…”

A Two-Stage Scheduling Strategy for Electric Vehicles Based on Model Predictive Control

“…The large-scale access of EVs to the grid will have various impacts on the stable operation of the power grid. On the one hand, the disorderly charging of EVs will bring many negative impacts to the operation of the power grid [2,3], such as an increase in the peak load of the power grid [4,5], the influence of harmonics on the power quality [6,7], and an increase in the difficulty of power grid control. On the other hand, large-scale EVs can also be used as energy storage devices, which can play an important role in many aspects, such as shaving peaks and filling valleys, providing auxiliary services [8,9], accelerating the integrated construction of renewable energy [10,11], and more.…”