“…Generally, there are various cooling methods for the HCPV system in the literature, such as the passive air cooling [5]- [9], active air cooling [10], water cooling [11], [12], directly-immersed cooling [13], heat pipe cooling [14], micro-channel cooling [15], [16], jet impingement cooling [17], and Peltier effect cooling [18], [19]. In consideration of the reliability of cooling device, the passive air cooling may be the most practical cooling solution for the HCPV system.…”