As an important part
of the acid fracturing process of carbonate
reservoir, the performance of acid fracturing working fluid directly
affects the stimulation effect of oil wells. In this paper, formaldehyde
(agent A) and ammonium chloride (agent B) were used as the matrix.
Several aldehydes with different volume ratios were prepared. The
acid ratio with the highest acid yield was selected by the sodium
hydroxide titration experiment. The results show that when the volume
ratio of agent A to agent B is 1:1.3, the acid production capacity
is the strongest. The pH values at several time points in the process
of acid reaction were measured by a pen pH meter. The relationship
curve between acid production capacity and time was obtained. The
acid production capacity increased with time. It tends to be stable
after a certain time. The experiment of acid rock reaction kinetics
shows that the reaction rate between acid and rock decreases with
the extension of time. The reaction time can reach 6 h. The reaction
rate of autogenic acid under different temperatures and concentrations
ranges from 6.61 × 10
–7
to 9.49 × 10
–7
mol/(s·cm
2
) within 6 h. Therefore,
it indicates that the reaction time between autogenic acid and carbonate
rock is long and the reaction rate is low. It is beneficial to improve
the acid treatment effect of the carbonate reservoir. The conductivity
experiments show that at different temperatures, with the increase
of sealing pressure, the etching ability of autogenic acid decreases.
The etching effect is better at 338 K. After etching, the permeability
and conductivity of the rock slab of 5 MPa closure pressure are 227
D and 72.62 D·cm, respectively. To sum up, this autogenic acid
is an effective working fluid in the acid fracturing process of the
carbonate reservoir. It can obviously reduce the reaction rate of
acid rock and has certain conductivity.