Optimization of Aerodynamic Profile of Ground Vehicle

Abstract

In this paper, the aerodynamic profiles of different types of ground vehicles, racing cars, freight cars, and bullet trains, as well as their shape design and use, will be introduced and discussed by using the equation F d = C d ⋅ 1 2 ρ V 2 A . The methods adopted by predecessors o find the best aerodynamic profile for these vehicles are also introduced. The conclusion is that the best aerodynamic profile for race cars is equipped with spoilers and a relatively great slicing angle at the rear bottom of the vehicle. Furthermore, diffusers are optional but can also decrease the drag force. For lorries, the best modification is completely sealing the gap between the trailer and undercarriage with a dynamic rear flap. If possible, add roof tapering on the trailer, but it will reduce the amount of cargo shipped. For a bullet train, the longer the nose of the train is, the less drag it will experience.