Optimization of Alkaline Roasting to Enable Acid Leaching of Titanium from Anatase Ores

Oliveira, Andrey Linhares Bezerra de; Silva, G. D. S. da; Aguiar, Paula Fernandes de; Neumann, Reiner; Neto, Arnaldo Alcover; Carneiro, Manuel Castro; Afonso, Júlio Carlos

doi:10.1007/s40831-022-00637-2

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In addition, it is not possible to obtain an anatase concentrate suitable to feed conventional processes-chloride or sulphate-by using only physical beneficiation methods. Moreover, anatase is a difficult mineral to leach [2,5,8]. For these reasons, although there are several anatase deposits in Brazil, they have not been exploited for titanium production [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the low reactivity of anatase, studies since 1980 have focused on the upgrade of anatase concentrate in order to eliminate the impurities and raise the content of TiO 2 . Different pyrometallurgical and/or hydrometallurgical treatments were extensively investigated, mainly alkaline or reductive roasting followed by leaching, but direct sulphuric digestion was scarcely evaluated [2,8,10,11]. However, the process still accounts for 40% of the total TiO 2 pigment produced in the world [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulphuric Acid Digestion of Anatase Concentrate

da Silva,

Nazareth,

de Freitas

et al. 2024

Mining

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The processing of anatase ores by sulphuric acid digestion is well known for its low titanium dissolution yields, which makes the process economically and technically unfeasible. Anatase is considered much less reactive than other forms of titanium such as ilmenite and rutile. Generally, to enhance its dissolution, thermal processes along with acid and/or alkaline leaching processes are necessary. Studies of direct sulphuric acid digestion are few and the reported yields of titanium dissolution are <48%. This study investigated the main parameters of sulphuric digestion of anatase such as temperature, anatase:acid ratio, and time of reaction. Dissolution of titanium of around 86% were obtained at relatively mild conditions such as, temperature at 220 °C, grain size of 62 µm, an anatase:sulphuric acid ratio of 1:2, and 4 h of reaction. A comprehensive characterization of the resulting material indicated a content of 56.5% of TiO2 and 15% iron oxide—the main impurity. It also contained silica, aluminum, phosphorus, calcium, and rare earth elements (REE) in concentrations that varied from 1.61% to 6.01%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%