Optimization of aqueous pectin extraction from Citrus medica peel

Pasandide, Bahare; Khodaiyan, Faramarz; Mousavi, Zeinab E.

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.098

Cited by 125 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The reduction of DE of pectin in lower pH, pulse ratio and short extraction time was probably because of the de-esterification of galacturonic acid chains. These results are consistent with previous work by Pasandide et al [35] and Hosseini et al [36].…”

Section: Effect Of Independent Variables On the Degree Of Esterificatsupporting

confidence: 94%

Optimization of pressurised intermittent microwave assisted extraction of pectin from Thai soybean hulls

Sobmor¹,

Banjong²

2020

AJFAND

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Soybean (Glycine max), a major crop worldwide, is used to produce oil for cooking and for industrial purposes such as production of soy milk, soy sauce and biodiesel fuel. The hulls are mainly used as animal feed but they can be used for pectin extraction for food industries; but, the methods currently used for extraction have limited efficiency. Therefore, pressurised intermittent microwave-assisted extraction (PIMAE) was tested to extract pectin from soybean hulls from either flakes (SHF) or flakes ground into powder (SHP). Pressurised intermittent microwave-assisted extraction reduced both extraction time and solvent consumption. It also uses a by-product of a processed crop and is an environmentally friendly technology. Box-Behnken response surface design was utilized to study and optimize the effects of processing variables, which included pH from 1.5 to 2.5, pulse ratios from 1.0 to 1.51 and extraction time from 5 to 15 min on pectin yield. The degree of esterification of pectin was measured since it affects pectin's commercial value as a gelling and thickening agent. The amount of pectin extracted increased with increasing extraction time and reduced as the pH and pulse ratio increased. The conditions that resulted in the highest pectin yield were pH 2 pulse ratio 1.0 and extraction time 15 min, which gave 6.42% from SHF samples and pH 1.5, pulse ratio 1.0 and extraction time 10 min, which gave 12.09% from SHP samples. The conditions that produced the highest percentage of esterification were pH 2.5, pulse ratio 1.25 and extraction time of 5 min, which gave 80.81% for SHF and 80.59% for SHP samples. The extracted pectin contained high levels of methoxy pectin. Levels of pectin yield and degree of esterification were below the predicted theoretical values from the Box-Behnken response surface design, despite the good fit of the models, which were 0.99 R 2 for SHF and 0.98 R 2 for SHP for yields of pectin and 0.97 R 2 for SHF and 0.98 R 2 for SHP for the degree of esterification of pectin. In these optimal conditions, experimental yield correlated with predicted yields.

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Section: Effect Of Independent Variables On the Degree Of Esterificatsupporting

confidence: 94%

Optimization of pressurised intermittent microwave assisted extraction of pectin from Thai soybean hulls

Sobmor¹,

Banjong²

2020

AJFAND

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“…Absorption bands around 1600 and 1400 cm -1 can be attributed to carboxylate groups (COO -). The large band at 1610 to 1637 cm -1 and the band near 1430 cm -1 were attributed to asymmetric and symmetric stretching of C=O, respectively [22] . Finally, the bands observed between 890 and 1200 cm -1 are specific of the vibrations of the C-O-C and C-O-H bonds present in polysaccharide structures [23] .…”

Section: Ft-ir Spectramentioning

confidence: 96%

Extraction and analysis of the parietal polysaccharides of acorn pericarps from Quercus trees

et al. 2019

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Acorns produced by Quercus trees are currently underexploited and undervalued. To evaluate the commercial and health benefits of acorns, we examined the cell wall components of acorn pericarps from Quercus suber and Quercus ilex, growing in NorthWestern Algeria. Acorn pericarps were sequentially extracted and the polysaccharide fractions were analyzed by gas liquid chromatography and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The lignocellulosic fraction was the major component of Q. suber and Q. ilex cell walls (37.19% and 48.95%, respectively). Lower amounts of pectins and hemicelluloses were also found in both species. Hemicellulose extracts from the two species contained xylose as the major monosaccharide (ranging from 36.7% to 49.4%). Galacturonic acid was the major component of hot water-or ammonium oxalate-extracted pectins from both species (ranging from 20.6% to 46.8%). The results reported in this paper reveal that acorn pericarp cell walls from these two oak could be potential sources of bioactive compounds.

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“…From the single-factor experiments, pectin yield was observed to increase by 5% with the sonication time up to 30 min, though it seems that the change is not too significant. Increasing the sonication time provides more contact time between the solvent and the plant cell to ensure effective extraction is achieved [39]. Moreover, the result suggested that an equilibrium between the solute concentration in the plant matrix and solvent could have been reached at 30 min.…”

Section: Effect Of Sonication Time On Pectin Yield and Dementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Pectin degradation is also common at high temperatures, which could also explain the decrease in pectin yield beyond 75 °C [18]. Similarly, the DE began to subside after 75 °C as the polygalacturonic chains suffered from de-esterification under the harsh condition [39]. Therefore, the range for extraction temperature to be further optimised was 65 to 85 °C with the central level at 75 °C.…”

Section: Effect Of Extraction Temperature On Pectin Yield and Dementioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of pectin production from dragon fruit peels waste: drying, extraction and characterisation studies

et al. 2020

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Reutilisation of agricultural wastes is a major challenge faced by the research community. The current study aimed to address this issue by recovering commercial pectin from dragon fruit peels by investigating the pretreatment and extraction process and their parameters. Optimum oven-drying temperature was identified at 45 °C with the highest pectin yield (6.27%) and the lowest ash content (8.34%). Investigation of the drying kinetics revealed Page's model as the best-suited model to the experimental data in terms of the highest R 2 (0.99685) and lowest RSME (0.0002). A three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design was applied to optimise ultrasound-assisted pectin extraction for the parameters of time, temperature and solid-to-liquid ratio. Under the optimised condition of 32 min at 85 °C with a ratio of 1:30 g/ml, a maximum pectin yield (23.09%) was obtained as compared to the predicted value (22.84%). The extraction kinetics study showed the logarithmic model was the best-fitted model to represent pectin's extraction in terms of the highest R 2 (0.9384) and lowest RMSE (0.821). Degree of esterification of pectin pre-(36.36%) and post-optimisation (33.27%) characterised it as low methoxyl pectin. The ash content of pectin was reduced by 23.65% revealing that higher-purity pectin was extracted following optimisation. Comparison of the Fourier transform infrared spectra with commercialgrade pectin shows the extracted pectin from dragon fruit peels has high potential in food applications. The current study recommends waste dragon fruit peels as a sustainable alternative source for high-value pectin.

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Optimization of aqueous pectin extraction from Citrus medica peel

Cited by 125 publications

References 49 publications

Optimization of pressurised intermittent microwave assisted extraction of pectin from Thai soybean hulls

Optimization of pressurised intermittent microwave assisted extraction of pectin from Thai soybean hulls

Extraction and analysis of the parietal polysaccharides of acorn pericarps from Quercus trees

Optimisation of pectin production from dragon fruit peels waste: drying, extraction and characterisation studies

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