Optimization of Boron and Neutron Delivery for Neutron Capture Therapy

Fairchild, R.G.; Slatkin, Daniel N.; Coderre, Jeffrey A.; Micca, Peggy L.; Laster, Zvi; Kahl, Stephen B.; Som, P.; Fand, Irwin; Wheeler, Floyd J.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0749.1989.tb00210.x

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In biological and medical research, heavy water is used in the ''doubly labeled water method'' to measure the average daily metabolic rate of an organism. 6,7 Another application is ''boron neutron capture therapy'' for the treatment of brain tumors, in which the ability of heavy water to moderate neutrons is useful (see, for instance, the work of Fairchild et al 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reference Equation of State for Heavy Water

Herrig

Thol

Harvey

et al. 2018

Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data

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An empirical fundamental equation of state (EOS) is presented for fluid heavy water (deuterium oxide, D 2 O). The equation is explicit in the reduced Helmholtz energy and allows the calculation of all thermodynamic properties over the whole fluid surface. It is valid from the melting-pressure curve up to a temperature of 825 K at pressures up to 1200 MPa. Overall, the formulation represents the most accurate measured values and almost all other available data within their experimental uncertainty. In the homogeneous liquid and vapor phase, the expanded relative uncertainties of densities calculated from the EOS are mostly 0.1% or less; liquid-phase densities at atmospheric pressure can be calculated with an uncertainty of 0.01%. The speed of sound in the liquid phase is described with a maximum uncertainty of 0.1%; the most accurate experimental sound speeds are represented within their uncertainties ranging from 0.015% to 0.02%. In a large part of the liquid region, the isobaric heat capacity is represented with an uncertainty of 1%. The uncertainty in vapor pressure is mostly within 0.05%. In the critical region, the uncertainties of calculated properties are in most cases higher than the values above, but the EOS enables a reasonable description of this region. The equation matches available data for the metastable subcooled liquid, and it extrapolates in a qualitatively correct way to extreme values of temperature and pressure. This formulation is the result of an effort to establish a new standard for the thermodynamic properties of heavy water by the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reference Equation of State for Heavy Water

Herrig

Thol

Harvey

et al. 2018

Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data

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“…A large body of literature has demonstrated a higher effectiveness of BPA compared with BSH in the BNCT of brain malignances (17,23,24). This might be explained by a different microdistribution and tumor incorporation of the two compounds (25)(26)(27)(28). BPA is believed to pass through the blood brain barrier (BBB) and cell membranes, and it is found at higher concentrations in tumor cells (29).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L-DOPA Preloading Increases the Uptake of Borophenylalanine in C6 Glioma Rat Model: A New Strategy to Improve BNCT Efficacy

Capuani

Gili

Bozzali

et al. 2008

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics

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Purpose: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a radiotherapeutic modality based on 10 B(n,a) 7 Li reaction, for the treatment of malignant gliomas. One of the main limitations for BNCT effectiveness is the insufficient intake of 10 B nuclei in the tumor cells. This work was aimed at investigating the use of L-DOPA as a putative enhancer for 10 B-drug 4-dihydroxy-borylphenylalanine (BPA) uptake in the C6-glioma model. The investigation was first performed in vitro and then extended to the animal model. Methods and Materials: BPA accumulation in C6-glioma cells was assessed using radiowave dielectric spectroscopy, with and without L-DOPA preloading. Two L-DOPA incubation times (2 and 4 hours) were investigated, and the corresponding effects on BPA accumulation were quantified. C6-glioma cells were also implanted in the brain of 32 rats, and tumor growth was monitored by magnetic resonance imaging. Rats were assigned to two experimental branches: (1) BPA administration; (2) BPA administration after pretreatment with L-DOPA. All animals were sacrificed, and assessments of BPA concentrations in tumor tissue, normal brain, and blood samples were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: L-DOPA preloading induced a massive increase of BPA concentration in C6-glioma cells only after a 4-hour incubation. In the animal model, L-DOPA pretreatment produced a significantly higher accumulation of BPA in tumor tissue but not in normal brain and blood samples. Conclusions: This study suggests the potential use of L-DOPA as enhancer for BPA accumulation in malignant gliomas eligible for BNCT. L-DOPA preloading effect is discussed in terms of membrane transport mechanisms. Ó

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“…As thermalisation is achieved through elastic scattering on tissue nuclei, this process seems almost independent of the neutron energy in the eptihermal range. Then, it could be assumed that the penetrability of neutrons inside the brain does not strongly change with their initial epithermal energy as it was pointed out in [22]. For elastic neutron scattering reactions, the energy transferred to the nuclei is proportional to the neutron incident energy.…”

Section: Neutron Interactions In Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Eptihermal Neutron Energy Limit for Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (AB-BNCT): Study and Impact of New Energy Limits

Hervé¹,

Sauzet²,

Santos³

2021

Preprint

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Background and purpose: Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy is a radiotherapy based on compact accelerator neutron sources requiring an epithermal neutron field for tumour irradiations. Neutrons of 10 keV are considered as the maximum optimised energy to treat deep-seated tumours. We investigated, by means of Monte Carlo simulations, the epithermal range from 10 eV to 10 keV in order to optimise the maximum epithermal neutron energy as a function of the tumour depth.Methods: A Snyder head phantom was simulated and mono-energetic neutrons with 4 different incident energies were used: 10 eV, 100 eV, 1 keV and 10 keV. 10 B capture rates and absorbed dose composition on every tissue were calculated to describe and compare the effects of lowering the maximum epithermal energy. The Therapeutic Gain (TG) was estimated considering the whole brain volume.Results: For tumours seated at 4 cm depth, 10 eV, 100 eV and 1 keV neutrons provided respectively 54 %, 36 % and 18 % increase on the TG compared to 10 keV neutrons. Neutrons with energies between 10 eV and 1 keV provided higher TG than 10 keV neutrons for tumours seated up to 6.4 cm depth inside the head. The size of the tumour does not change these results.Conclusions: Using lower epithermal energy neutrons for AB-BNCT tumour irradiation could improve treatment efficacy, delivering more therapeutic dose while reducing the dose in healthy tissues. This could lead to new Beam Shape Assembly designs in order to optimise the BNCT irradiation.

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Optimization of Boron and Neutron Delivery for Neutron Capture Therapy

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

A Reference Equation of State for Heavy Water

A Reference Equation of State for Heavy Water

L-DOPA Preloading Increases the Uptake of Borophenylalanine in C6 Glioma Rat Model: A New Strategy to Improve BNCT Efficacy

On the Eptihermal Neutron Energy Limit for Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (AB-BNCT): Study and Impact of New Energy Limits

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