Optimization of coag-flocculation processes of a newly synthesized quaternized oil palm empty fruit bunch cellulose by response surface methodology toward drinking water treatment process application

Abstract

An optimization of coagulation and flocculation of kaolin suspension by a newly synthesized quaternized oil palm empty fruit bunch cellulose denoted as a 9QC was investigated using the central composite design of the response surface methodology. The influences of coagflocculant dosage, pH, and kaolin suspension on turbidity removal efficiency and sludge volume index responses were studied and assessed according to a 2 3 full factorial design. The developed quadratic models revealed that the overall optimum values to obtain the highest performance of the responses were 62.5 mg/L of coag-flocculant dosage, pH 7, and 1400 mg/L of kaolin concentration. The predicted optimum responses were found to be in close proximity to the observed responses. The coag-flocculating of river water using 9QC carried out at the optimum values showed encouraging results as compared to alum which is commonly used in drinking water treatment process.

Process optimization of the anaerobic co-digestion of Alternanthera philoxeroides and corn straw enhanced by biochar and Fe3O4

“…Response surface method (RSM) is an experimental design tool that combines mathematical and statistical techniques to evaluate the interactions of different factors on response variables, and to determine the optimal combination of process parameters (Mohtar et al, 2016). Cai et al(2021) explored the effects of total ammonia nitrogen, pH and temperature on anaerobic digestion of chicken manure with the help of RSM, which provided a theoretical basis to develop the way of relieving ammonia inhibition.…”

Process optimization of the anaerobic co-digestion of Alternanthera philoxeroides and corn straw enhanced by biochar and Fe3O4

“…It can be seen that the model was extremely signi cant (P < 0.0001) (Khodaei et alThe in uence of various factors on methane yield can be ranked directly according to the absolute value of the rst item regression coe cient(Mohtar et al, 2016;Deng et al, 2019), and the order was TS% > Fe 3 O 4 > Biochar (48.82 > 11.48 > 6.34). The regression coe cient was independent, thus the simpli ed regression equation (2) can be obtained by directly deleting the insigni cant items from the above model.…”