“…The response surface methodology (RSM) utilizes mathematical and statistical approaches to model and analyze a process for optimizing the conditions based on the minimized number of experiments in which the response of interest is affected by several independent variables [ 27 ]. The central composite design (CCD) is the most used response surface to design experiments because it is suitable for sequential experiments in obtaining appropriate information for testing lack of fit without many design points and is suitable for calibrating full quadratic models.…”