Optimization of Deceleration Markings of Visual Illusion in a Highway Tunnel

Shi, Xiaohua; Du, Z.; Zhou, Liping; Li, Ping-fan

doi:10.1061/jhtrcq.0000536

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the entrance zones, the driving speed had a noticeable difference in the situation of NSRMs and SRMs. Previous studies reported that speeds were significantly affected by SRMs [27][28][29]. In this study, a similar downward trend has performed in the situation of NSRMs and SRMs, but a lower speed occurred in case of SRMs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of Effectiveness of Speed Reduction Markings on Driving Speed in Highway Tunnel Entrance and Exit Areas

Zhu

Wang

Yang

et al. 2020

PROMET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tunnels are critical areas for highway safety because the severity of crashes in tunnels tends to be more serious. Controlling vehicle speed is regarded as a feasible measure to reduce the accident rate in the tunnel entrance and exit areas. This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of three types of speed reduction markings (SRMs) in tunnel entrance and exit zones by conducting a driving simulation experiment. For this study, 25 drivers completed the driving tasks in the day and night scenarios. The vehicle speed and acceleration data were collected for analysing and the relative speed contrast, time mean speed and acceleration were adopted as indices to evaluate the effectiveness of SRMs. The repeated ANOVA test results revealed that SRMs have a significant effect in reducing vehicle speed, especially in the exit zone. Colour Anti-skid Markings (CASMs) produced a more obvious deceleration in the entrance zone. In the entrance zone, a similar downward trend was performed in the situation of NSRMs and SRMs, but a lower speed occurred in case of SRMs. Besides, CASMs work better and cause an obvious gap of 10 km/h in daytime and 5 km/h at night compared to the speed without SRMs. In the exit zone, the present study supports the conclusion that the drivers are prone to accelerate. Our results showed that the drivers accelerated in case of NSRMs, while they slowed down in case of SRMs. Thus, SRMs are necessarily implemented in the highway tunnel entrance and exit zones. Our study also indicates that though CASMs result in lower speed at night, the Transverse Speed Reduction Markings(TSRMs) have a better performance than CASMs in daytime. The investigation provides essential information for developing a new marking design criterion and intelligent driver support systems in the highway tunnel zones.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…TRSMs, LSRMs, and CASMs can all produce the visual illusions that affect the drivers' speed perception [27][28][29], or warn the drivers to reduce speed, as well as raise the drivers' vigilance [20]. Figure 3) was used to collect the real-time data, including operation data of vehicles (speed, acceleration, etc.)…”

Section: L8 L7 L6 L5 L4 L3 L2 L1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Effectiveness of Speed Reduction Markings on Driving Speed in Highway Tunnel Entrance and Exit Areas

Zhu

Wang

Yang

et al. 2020

PROMET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, the active safety measures based on optical illusion were studied by many scholars. Shi [24] and Wan [25] used the 3ds Max software to simulate the deceleration effect of tunnel optical illusion markers, the results show that, with the combination application of high-frequency visual information and low-frequency visual information, the vehicle speed can be reduced, resulting in the improvement of the traffic safety. At the same time, Zheng [26] proposed a rhythm-based marking system, and the results show that the rhythmic marking in the tunnel can effectively improve driver's speed judgment accuracy and reduce driver's reaction time, and the effect of multi-color marking is better than that of single-color marking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Visual Active Deceleration Devices on Controlling Vehicle Speeds in a Long Downhill Tunnel of an Expressway

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Because the inside of a road tunnel is a closed strip, the driving environment changes suddenly at the tunnel entrance and exit, which is why accidents occur more frequently in tunnels than elsewhere. Based on visual psychology, reverse-perspective-illusion deceleration lines (RPIDLs) and visual-intervention deceleration devices (VIDDs) were designed to control vehicle speeds near the entrance and in the middle of a tunnel, respectively. Then, to assess the speed-controlling performance of the RPIDLs and VIDDs for vehicles in a long downhill tunnel, laser velocimeters were used to measure the vehicle speeds at different observation points in the tunnel before and after implementing the RPIDLs and VIDDs. The results show that the RPIDLs and VIDDs decreased the average vehicle speed and controlled its dispersion effectively. The 60 m RPIDLs improved the traffic safety in the tunnel without lessening the passing ability therein. The slash-line VIDD had no obvious effect on the maximum vehicle speeds in the middle of the tunnel. Both the 90° fold-line VIDD and the four-yellow–four-white VIDD decreased the maximum vehicle speeds significantly. The 60 m RPIDLs and the 90° fold-line VIDD gave the best deceleration effect on vehicles near the entrance and in the middle of the tunnel, respectively, and controlled the average speed and its dispersion effectively.

show abstract

Optimization of Deceleration Markings of Visual Illusion in a Highway Tunnel

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Effectiveness of Speed Reduction Markings on Driving Speed in Highway Tunnel Entrance and Exit Areas

Evaluation of Effectiveness of Speed Reduction Markings on Driving Speed in Highway Tunnel Entrance and Exit Areas

Effects of Visual Active Deceleration Devices on Controlling Vehicle Speeds in a Long Downhill Tunnel of an Expressway

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About