“…The simplicity of the electric circuit body models in order to obtain useful analytic expressions for body attenuation justifies their use to guide the design of IBC transceivers and systems. Compared with numerical models, which usually present high computational cost, the electric circuit body models offer a compromise between [7] formed by eight capacitances to emulate the capacitive couplings between the body and the external ground, models have evolved towards complex RC networks emulating different tissue layers at both longitudinal and transversal directions [38][39][40], thus taking into account the frequency-dependent dielectric properties of tissues [34,46], the cross-impedances between TX and RX electrodes [33], the output and input resistance of the TX and RX device [36], and so forth. Electromagnetic models, both analytic and computational approaches, have attracted more and more the attention of IBC researchers giving rise to a variety of models ranging from simple geometries such as plane, cylinder, and parallelepiped, which emulate parts of the body such as limbs and trunk [9,41,46], to models based on the anatomy of the arm and the whole human body [42,50].…”