Optimization of essential oil extraction from orange peels using steam explosion

Abstract

In this work, a new extraction process using steam explosion at high temperature and pressure was developed, to drastically shorten the extraction time and improved extraction of the essential oil from citrus peels. In steam explosion process, the material is subjected to the high-pressure saturated steam following by substantially dropping the pressure through an angle valve to a vacuum tank. The optimum essential oil yield by the steam explosion was obtained at the 170 °C, 8 bar in 240 seconds duration time. The essential oil extraction of a certain amount of citrus peels by hydro-distillation took nearly eight times longer than explosion extraction process. The obtained citrus oil from hydro-distillation processes had 10 to 13 major components more than‏ the steam explosion, as shown by gas chromatography (GC-MS). The maximum product yield of Limonene, a major favorable component, were 77% and 100% in hydro-distillation and steam explosion processes, respectively.

Orange peel volatile oil: A green solvent for propolis extraction, enhanced α‐amylase inhibition activity

“…Outer coloured part of the peel was manually removed and used for oil extraction. Orange peel oil (OPO) was extracted by using simple distillation method 12 . Obtained oil was kept at +4°C until analysing its chemical composition.…”

Strategies for the production of biochemicals in bioenergy crops

“…4R-Limonene, a colorless cyclic monoterpene, is the major constituent (30-95%) of the Citrus essential oil contained in the fruit's outer peel [276]. Several methods have been developed to extract efficiently Citrus essential oil, such as hydro-distillation, cold-press, instant controlled pressure drop, and steam explosion [277]. The enantiomer 4S-limonene is abundant in peppermint, spearmint, and perilla [278], and its biosynthesis has been extensively studied [279].…”

Introductory Chapter: From Waste to New Resources

“…Tea waste Microwave-assisted extraction/solvent extraction [28] Oils Rice bran Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and compressed liquefied petroleum gas/solid-liquid extraction [36,37] Essential oils Citrus peel Solvent extraction/hydrodistillation [38] Steam explosion at high temperature and pressure [39] Microwave-assisted hydro-diffusion [40] Proteins Brewers' spent grain Sequential extraction of proteins and arabinoxylans; enzymatic-assisted extraction [15,41] Rice by-products Enzymatic hydrolysis and membrane filtration technique [42] Hazelnut meal Solvent extraction (water, acetone) [43] Rapeseed by-products Ultrasound-assisted aqueous extraction [44] Carotenoids Tomato pomace and skin Enzymatic-assisted extraction [45] Supercritical fluid extraction/solvent extraction [46] Supercritical fluid extraction [47] Citrus peel Ultrasound-assisted extraction [48] Sea buckthorn seeds Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction [49] Proteins and bioactive peptides Whey wastewater Membrane separation/ultrafiltration/microfiltration/nanofiltration/reverse osmoses [50] Mild enzymatic hydrolysis [51] Cheese whey Ultrafiltration/nanofiltration [52] Fish and chicken Isoelectric solubilization and precipitation [53] Sardine solid waste Enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration [54] Shellfish Enzymatic hydrolysis and micro-, ultra-, and nanofiltration/ion exchange chromatography [55] Sugars Whey wastewater Membrane separation and spray drying [50] Cheese whey Ultrafiltration/nanofiltration [52] satisfy the current demands of economic preservation and consumer satisfaction in safety, nutritional and sensory aspects. Also, as the preservation of foods is often a multicomponent issue, the "hurdle" concept was introduced, highlighting the complex interaction between the factors that are significant for food safety and stability [56][57][58].…”