Optimization of External-heating-type MgB2 Level Sensor for Liquid Hydrogen

Maekawa, Kazuma; Takeda, M.; Matsuno, Yoshiharu; Fujikawa, Shizuichi; Kuroda, T.; Kumakura, Hiroaki

doi:10.2221/jcsj.49.69

Cited by 5 publications

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“…An MRI magnet has been produced using MgB 2 superconducting wires [4]. Applications using MgB 2 , such as superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) [5], and a liquid H 2 level sensor [6] are also being investigated. However, the in-field critical current properties (critical current density (J c ) and engineering critical current density (J e )) of MgB 2 wires remain low for large-scale practical applications with low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong enhancement of high-field critical current properties and irreversibility field of MgB₂superconducting wires by coronene active carbon source addition via the new B powder carbon-coating method

Matsumoto

Zhang

et al. 2014

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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We report an effective carbon-containing additive, coronene (C 24 H 12 ), for MgB 2 superconducting wires. We used B powder coated with C 24 H 12 to fabricate MgB 2 wires using the powder-in-tube (PIT) and internal Mg diffusion (IMD) processes. The in-field critical current properties are strongly enhanced for both PIT-and IMD-processed MgB 2 wires. For PIT MgB 2 wires, a critical current density (J c ) value of 1.8 × 10 4 A cm −2 is obtained at 4.2 K and 10 T. For IMD MgB 2 wires, we obtained a J c of 1.07 × 10 5 A cm −2 and an engineering J c (J e ) of 1.12 × 10 4 A cm −2 at 4.2 K and 10 T. These J c and J e values are similar to the highest values reported for MgB 2 wires thus far. Furthermore, the irreversibility field, B irr , determined with a current density criterion of 100 A cm −2 , is strongly enhanced to 25 T at 4.2 K, which is also the highest value reported for MgB 2 superconducting wires thus far. Coronene is an active carbon source for MgB 2 superconducting wires because (1) coronene has a high carbon content (96 wt%) with a small amount of hydrogen (impurity), (2) the decomposition temperature for coronene is near the reaction temperature between Mg and B, and (3) uniform dispersion of coronene on the B surface can be obtained due to the melting point of coronene being lower than the decomposition temperature. Carbon substitution for B caused by the coronene active carbon source is mainly responsible for the high field critical current properties and the high B irr obtained in this work.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong enhancement of high-field critical current properties and irreversibility field of MgB₂superconducting wires by coronene active carbon source addition via the new B powder carbon-coating method

Matsumoto

Zhang

et al. 2014

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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“…These properties show sharp superconducting transitions, relatively high resistances, and very low temperature dependence of the resistance. In addition, the linear correlation coefficient for the static level-detecting characteristics was 0.999 or more, indicating high linearity for both wires [7], [12].…”

Section: External-heating-type Mgb2 Level Sensormentioning

confidence: 92%

Dynamic Level-Detecting Characteristics of External-Heating-Type MgB2 Liquid Hydrogen Level Sensors under Liquid Level Oscillation and Its Application to Sloshing Measurement

Maekawa

Takeda

Hamaura

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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To establish the worldwide storage and marine transportation of hydrogen, it is important to develop liquid hydrogen tanks/carriers as well as a long level sensor such as a superconducting magnesium diboride (MgB2) level sensor. An external-heating-type MgB2 level sensor is expected to be an excellent choice for liquid hydrogen because of its high linearity, resolution, and reproducibility. The dynamic level-detecting characteristics of three 500-mm-long MgB2 level sensors have been evaluated under conditions of oscillating liquid level using an optical cryostat and a high-speed microscope. The response time to variations of the liquid hydrogen level is about 0.1 s, and the difference between the level read optically and that detected by the MgB2 level sensors is about 5 mm under these conditions. Thus, the MgB2 level sensors have superior response performance for the sloshing measurement of liquid hydrogen.

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“…The external-heating-type superconducting magnesium diboride (MgB 2 ) level sensor for LH 2 is highly linear and has high resolution, good reproducibility, and good static and dynamic level-detecting characteristics [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Moreover, its response time to variations of LH 2 level is around 0.1 s, and the difference between the level optically read and that detected by MgB 2 level sensors is around 5 mm at a heater input of 9 W [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sloshing Measurements inside a Liquid Hydrogen Tank with External-Heating-Type MgB2 Level Sensors during Marine Transportation by the Training Ship Fukae-Maru

Maekawa

Takeda

Miyake

et al. 2018

Sensors

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Recently, a project was initiated in Japan to transport a large amount of liquid hydrogen (LH2) from Australia to Japan by sea. It is important to understand the sloshing and boil-off that are likely to occur inside an LH2 tank during marine transportation by ship, but such characteristics are yet to be experimentally clarified. To do so, we combined the liquid level detected by five 500 mm long external-heating-type magnesium diboride (MgB2) level sensors with synchronous measurements of temperature, pressure, ship motion, and acceleration during a zigzag maneuver. During this zigzag maneuver, the pressure of gaseous hydrogen (GH2) in the small LH2 tank increased to roughly 0.67 MPaG/h, and the temperature of the GH2 in the small LH2 tank increased at the position of gaseous hydrogen at roughly 1.0 K/min when the maximum rolling angle was 5°; the average rolling and liquid-oscillation periods were 114 and 118 s, respectively, as detected by the MgB2 level sensors, which therefore detected a long-period LH2 wave due to the ship’s motion.

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Optimization of External-heating-type MgB2 Level Sensor for Liquid Hydrogen

Cited by 5 publications

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Strong enhancement of high-field critical current properties and irreversibility field of MgB₂superconducting wires by coronene active carbon source addition via the new B powder carbon-coating method

Strong enhancement of high-field critical current properties and irreversibility field of MgB₂superconducting wires by coronene active carbon source addition via the new B powder carbon-coating method

Dynamic Level-Detecting Characteristics of External-Heating-Type MgB2 Liquid Hydrogen Level Sensors under Liquid Level Oscillation and Its Application to Sloshing Measurement

Sloshing Measurements inside a Liquid Hydrogen Tank with External-Heating-Type MgB2 Level Sensors during Marine Transportation by the Training Ship Fukae-Maru

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Optimization of External-heating-type MgB2 Level Sensor for Liquid Hydrogen

Cited by 5 publications

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Strong enhancement of high-field critical current properties and irreversibility field of MgB2superconducting wires by coronene active carbon source addition via the new B powder carbon-coating method

Strong enhancement of high-field critical current properties and irreversibility field of MgB2superconducting wires by coronene active carbon source addition via the new B powder carbon-coating method

Dynamic Level-Detecting Characteristics of External-Heating-Type MgB2 Liquid Hydrogen Level Sensors under Liquid Level Oscillation and Its Application to Sloshing Measurement

Sloshing Measurements inside a Liquid Hydrogen Tank with External-Heating-Type MgB2 Level Sensors during Marine Transportation by the Training Ship Fukae-Maru

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Strong enhancement of high-field critical current properties and irreversibility field of MgB₂superconducting wires by coronene active carbon source addition via the new B powder carbon-coating method

Strong enhancement of high-field critical current properties and irreversibility field of MgB₂superconducting wires by coronene active carbon source addition via the new B powder carbon-coating method