Optimization of extraction parameters of antioxidant activity of extracts from New Zealand and Chinese Asparagus officinalis L root cultivars

Phytochemical compounds and biological activity in Asparagus roots: a review

“…Different nutrients and bioactives can be found in different AR, depending on the cultivar and region (Zhang et al ., ). Asparagus racemosus roots contain 36.8%–52.89% carbohydrates, 2.95%–6.1% protein, 17.93% crude fibre, 4.1%–8.83% saponins, 5%–6.2% oil and 4.18% inorganic matter in addition to smaller amounts of vitamin C, flavonoids and polyphenols as shown in Fig.…”

“…The contents of β‐carotene, xanthophyll, α‐tocopherol and total phenolics in A. adscendens Roxb roots were 15.5 mg per 100 g, 0.10 mg per 100 g, 11.32 mg per 100 g and 234.5 mg per 100 g respectively (Prasad et al ., ). Collectively, these results demonstrate that AR are very rich in bioactives and the composition and contents of the bioactives vary among the different asparagus species and from AR in different studies (Mathew et al ., ; Velavan et al ., ; Zhang et al ., ).…”

“…Chinese yellow AR had the highest TPC, TFC, TSC and CA contents and the most efficient solvents for the extraction of these bioactives was ethanol and methanol. The authors further optimised the extraction parameters using a Box‐Behnken design (BBD) (Zhang et al ., ). The best extraction conditions for ethanol as extraction solvent were (51 °C, extraction time of 73.02 min, 75.23% ethanol concentration and 1:50 solid: liquid ratio) that resulted in total flavonoids content (TFC) of 17.1 mg RE per g, total phenolic content (TPC) of 35.2 mg GAE per g. Maximum antioxidant activities (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydracyl scavenging activity = 78.1%; 2,2‐azinobis‐3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonate scavenging activity = 61.2%; ferric reducing antioxidant power assay = 1.69 μmol g −1 , β‐carotene bleaching activity = 76.0% and superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity = 70.2%) were obtained at extraction temperature of 50 °C for 78.5 min, using 70% ethanol at solid: liquid ratio of 1:40.…”

“…The Asparagus officinalis L roots traditionally have little commercial value and most are usually considered waste. Previous reports have shown that A. officinalis L roots contain significant antioxidant capacities (Symes et al ., ; Zhang et al ., ), suggesting that A. officinalis L roots may serve as an excellent dietary source of natural antioxidants for health promotion (Fan et al ., ) and anti‐inflammatory effects (Jang et al ., ). In ancient China, A. officinalis L was used as a traditional medicine for treatment of inflammation, cancer, infection and coughs (Fan et al ., ).…”

“…Asparagus officinalis L extracts could potentially be used as bioactive supplements because several important bioactive compounds have been reported in their extracts, including steroidal saponins (Huang et al ., ), rutin, inosine, quercetin and caffeic acid (Huang et al ., ; Symes et al ., ; Zhang et al ., ), fumaric acid, isoferulic acid, ferulic acid, citric acid and asparagusic acid (Hartung et al ., ; Huang et al ., ). The major phenolic constituent detected in A. officinalis roots is controversial, with rutin or caffeic acid (Hartung et al ., ; Huang et al ., ) having been reported as the major phenolic present.…”