Optimization of Hybrid Systems with Renewable Energy Sources : Trends for Research

Using Atmospheric Pressure Tendency to Optimise Battery Charging in Off-Grid Hybrid Wind-Diesel Systems for Telecoms

“…In the case of off-grid hybrid systems, the time scale is limited by the number of hours of backup offered by the battery bank. While a backup period of 24 h is recommended [10] as the optimal cost/storage level for an off-grid HSRES, operators may choose lower storage levels to reduce upfront costs. This reduces the time available for predicting wind power before the generator is forced to initialise charging.…”

“…The fuel consumption of a hybrid system in its "simple form" can be reduced further [7][8][9] with the addition of a wind turbine or solar photovoltaic (PV) panels. It has been suggested [10] that defining this type of configuration as a hybrid system with renewable energy sources (HSRES) is more appropriate for this type of application. Depending on the location, the use of PV or wind must be selected and sized [11][12][13] correctly to account for seasonal lulls [14] in power production.…”

“…Often, a compromise in features is the most financially attractive option, with a portion of the power being supplied by PV and a backup time ranging from a few hours to as much as a day [10] or more [15]. The use of a diesel generator in conjunction with a PV array can be used to the reduce the upfront costs, while taking care to choose the optimal tilt angle for the installation [16].…”

“…As a result, there are significant gains to be made from control system optimisations [21], which anticipate [22] variations in both the wind supply and the load. The complementary nature [17] of wind and solar has encouraged the addition of solar PV as a supplemental power source for many systems [7][8][9][10]. The use of hydrogen as a supplemental [23] and, eventually, primary [24] power source for HSRES applications has seen a surge in research activity [25][26][27].…”

Resource Efficient Applications through Design and Optimization of High Performance Heat Pump Based Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems in Ireland’s Cool Marine Climate

“…Literature defines a Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) as that consisting of one or more renewable sources, combined with or without conventional energy sources in order to provide useful electrical or thermal energy services [22], [23]. Such a HRES is shown in Figure 1 which also represents the system constructed in this study to provide space heating to the two contrasting applications.…”