Optimization of Hydrogen Sulfide Scavengers Used During Well Stimulation

Al-Humaidan, A.Y.; Nasr‐El‐Din, Hisham A.

doi:10.2118/50765-ms

Cited by 34 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Figure 6 illustrates the dependence of the experimentally measured limiting current i L on x 1/2 for a sulfide concentration of 0.005 M and different voltage scanning rates at 25°C. It also shows the variation of i LD with x 1/2 , according to Equation 6. The measured limiting current (i L ) remains virtually constant independent of x 1/2 at voltage scanning rates of 1 and 10 mV s )1 .…”

Section: Effect Of Rotation Ratementioning

confidence: 85%

“…A prominent example is the massive volumes of geothermal brines that are encountered in the drilling of wells for production of oil and natural gas [2,3] and for the recovery of geothermal energy. The control of H 2 S in oil production is achieved by raising the pH of the brines to about 10, followed by injecting scavengers [3][4][5][6][7][8], which precipitate H 2 S as heavy ion sulfides, oxidize it to elemental sulfur or to other soluble species. Depending on the volume of production, a particular field may require hundreds of tons of scavengers per month, which entails enormous cost and exerts a heavy toll on the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Levich line gives the predictions of Equation6. Logarithmic plot between the current and the concentration of the Na 2 S for the graphite electrode at 450, 100, 0 and )100 mV (Ag/AgCl) in a medium of 0.58 M NaCl at 5000 rpm and 25°C under the same conditions asFigure 7.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Kinetics of the electrochemical deposition of sulfur from sulfide polluted brines

et al. 2007

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The kinetics of the electrochemical oxidation of sulfide ions in salt water were studied using rotating graphite disc electrodes, polarization techniques, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Electron Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS). Elemental sulfur was shown to be the final product under various temperatures, potentials and times of electrolysis, in amounts that increased with increase in the above variables. The rate of the process is controlled by electron transfer across the interface, while diffusion in the electrolyte has only a modest effect. The apparent reaction orders with respect to the sulfide concentration and pH are 0.60 and 0, respectively. The proposed overall reaction is: HS À ðaqÞ ! S þ H þ þ 2e; while the rate determining step is: HS À ðaqÞ ! HS ads þ e: The charge transfer coefficient is a a = 0.23 and the standard rate constant at the equilibrium potential is k ¼ 2:2 Â 10 À7 cm s )1 . The degree of coverage of the electrode with sulfur and the polarization resistance of the interface increase, while the current decreases, with the time of electrolysis as more sulfur is deposited on the electrode surface.

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Section: Effect Of Rotation Ratementioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetics of the electrochemical deposition of sulfur from sulfide polluted brines

et al. 2007

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“…The formation water provides a carrier phase for some of the reaction products and enhances the dispersion of some insoluble reaction products in the coproduced aqueous phase [12,13]. This study focuses on the estimation of the optimum value of H 2 S scavenger injection dose rate according to the available wells' field data obtained from an existing oil well in Petrobel Petroleum Company in Egypt as in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum injection dose rate of hydrogen sulfide scavenger for treatment of petroleum crude oil

El-Shiekh

Elmawgoud

Khalil

et al. 2016

Egyptian Journal of Petroleum

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Hydrogen sulfide H 2 S scavengers are chemicals that favorably react with hydrogen sulfide gas to eliminate it and produce environmental friendly products. These products depend on the type and composition of the scavenger and the conditions at which the reaction takes place. The scavenger should be widely available and economical for industry acceptance by having a low unit cost. The optimum values of H 2 S scavenger injection dose rate of scavenging hydrogen sulfide from the multiphase fluid produced at different wells conditions in one of the Petroleum Companies in Egypt were studied. The optimum values of H 2 S scavenger injection dose rate depend on pipe diameter, pipe length, gas molar mass velocity, inlet H 2 S concentration and pressure. The optimization results are obtained for different values of these parameters using the software program Lingo. In general, the optimum values of H 2 S scavenger injection dose rate of the scavenging of hydrogen sulfide are increased by increasing of the pipe diameter and increasing the inlet H 2 S concentration, and decreased by increasing the pipe length, gas molar mass velocity and pressure. Ó 2015 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/ 4.0/).

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“…at doses of some kilograms per barrel, depending on the sulphide level and other oil well fluid properties [3,[12][13][14][15][16]. Depending on the volume of production, a particular oil field may require injection of some hundreds of tons of these scavengers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical desulfurization of geothermal fluids under high temperature and pressure

et al. 2008

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Electrochemical removal of sulfide ions was achieved in salt water using graphite anodes in an autoclave under high temperatures and pressures, simulating geothermal fluids. The reaction products were characterized using microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). At low temperatures the reaction rate is quite small. It decreases rapidly with time down to a negligibly small value, which increases only slightly with temperature. The reaction produces elemental sulfur, which was seen under the microscope and identified using XPS. It passivates the electrode and hence diminishes its activity. Above about 115°C, much higher removal rates can be sustained for much longer times, while the increase of temperature has a much stronger effect on the reaction rate. Under this condition, elemental sulfur was no longer detected among the reaction products, while the electrode retained its activity for continuous operation. The XPS spectra at high temperatures reveal the presence of oxygen bearing sulfur species, such as sulfates. The melting of sulfur (at 115°C) has a much stronger effect on the efficiency of the process than the transition of orthorhombic to monoclinic sulfur (at 95°C). A Clausius-Clapeyron's analysis reveals that the melting point of sulfur inside the autoclave is nearly equal to its normal melting point.

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Optimization of Hydrogen Sulfide Scavengers Used During Well Stimulation

Cited by 34 publications

References 24 publications

Kinetics of the electrochemical deposition of sulfur from sulfide polluted brines

Kinetics of the electrochemical deposition of sulfur from sulfide polluted brines

Optimum injection dose rate of hydrogen sulfide scavenger for treatment of petroleum crude oil

Electrochemical desulfurization of geothermal fluids under high temperature and pressure

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