Optimization of metal inert gas-welded aluminium 6061 pipe parameters using analysis of variance and grey relational analysis

Abstract

It is an underlying fact for the case of the joining process especially welding to have optimized parameters in order to achieve joints with outstanding mechanical characteristics. In the current work, aluminium 6061 pipes were welded using gas metal arc welding process with appropriate ER 4043 electrode and argon shielding gas. Optimum welding parameters (namely, current, voltage and travel speed) are investigated using analysis of variance ANOVA and grey relational analysis GRA statistical approaches. High tensile strength and low corrosion rate were set as required characteristics of quality welds. Since there are two responses and two objectives, multiple-criteria decision-making approach-GRA, and ANOVA are performed. Optimal parameters from these statistical approaches are converged to 110 A, 19 V and 3 cm/ min, respectively. It is deduced from this study that the optimal parameters are convergent irrespective of the two used techniques for the investigated experimental data.

Underwater friction-stir welding of a stir-cast AA6061-SiC metal matrix composite: optimization of the process parameters, microstructural characterization, and mechanical properties

“…The ANOVA approach confirms the appropriateness of the final established regression relationships. If the calculated value of the developed model's F-ratio is smaller than the standard F-ratio value from the F table at the specified degree of confidence, it verifies the developed model's acceptability (say 95%) [14,21].…”

“…The desirability function approach is a widely utilized technique in multiple response optimization. Harrington first presented the desirability function technique in 1965 [14,20,21]. This approach determines the optimal operating conditions for obtaining the desired response values.…”

“…There is a dearth of literature on welding pipes with the UWFSW technique. Resistance welding, inert metal gas welding [14], inert tungsten gas welding, and other welding techniques are used in an industrial setting. Jandaghi et al's [15] study dealt with improvement of the mechanical strength of aluminum joints formed by friction-stir welding (FSW), and a post-weld heat treatment comprising solution treatment and subsequent aging (STA) is extensively used in their research.…”

A Comprehensive Review on Optimal Welding Conditions for Friction Stir Welding of Thermoplastic Polymers and Their Composites

“…The available studies can be categorized into the process optimization studies, phenomenological studies (mater flow, morphology, process simulation), and tool design studies. Most of the studies available are focused on welding of sheet materials, however, some studies have also been dedicated to pipes [53,54]. Both butt-joint and lap-joint configurations have been studied.…”

Stir casted SiC-Gr/Al6061 hybrid composite tribological and mechanical properties

“…The performance of AMCs considerably subjected to the interface properties of the base material and the reinforcements, the interfacial properties further depend on the wettability between the matrix and reinforcements in the fabrication process [34,35]. Strong bonding between the base material and reinforcements supports an enhancement in the tensile strength of the composites [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45].…”