Optimization of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography method using central composite design for the analysis of components in Yangwei granule

Abstract

Central composite design (CCD), together with multiple linear regression, was successfully used to optimize the electrophoretic buffer system of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) for the determination of albiflorin, paeoniflorin, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizic acid in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, Yangwei granule. Concentrations of sodium deoxycholate (SDC) and borate, and proportions of ammonia, acetonitrile, and methanol were optimized. The total resolutions of peaks between the analytes and their adjacent peaks in real samples were integrated into the evaluation index of separation efficiency. The optimum electrophoretic buffer contained 80 mmol/L SDC, 20 mmol/L borate, 5% (v/v) methanol, 0.5% (v/v) ammonia, and 5% (v/v) acetonitrile. The correlation coefficients (R 2 ) between the peak areas and the corresponding concentrations of analytes were greater than 0.9956. The limits of detection (LODs) (S/N=3) of the analytes were 0.97-4.00 μg/ml. The results indicate the superiority of CCD in optimizing the separation conditions of complex samples such as TCM prescriptions.

Micellar electrokinetic chromatography: A review of methodological and instrumental innovations focusing on practical aspects

“…Bile salts provide a useful alternative to SDS for the separation of hydrophobic compounds by virtue of the hydrogen bond interactions between the analytes and the two hydroxyl groups in the salts. There have been few new applications of this type of surfactant in MEKC in the reviewed period; most relied on sodium cholate or sodium deoxycholate instead. As with SDS, separations were done in an alkaline medium (pH ca.…”

“…Several new PSPs of variable selectivity other than SDS—the most common choice by virtue of its applicability to a wide range of analytes—have been tested to improve resolution in this technique. The alternatives used to overcome selectivity limitations in SDS‐MEKC methods include bile salts ; cationic and nonionic surfactants ; surfactants structurally similar to SDS ; and mixed micelles . A description of the contributions relying on the use of polymeric surfactants is beyond the scope of this review.…”

Comparison of Paeoniflorin and Albiflorin on Human CYP3A4 and CYP2D6

“…Paeoniflorin and albiflorin ( Figure 1 ) are extracted from the root of peony which is a famous-region drug in Zhejiang province. Many preparations composed of peony contain albiflorin and paeoniflorin as main the effective constituents [ 14 ] and their concentrations are 1.03% and 2.42%, respectively [ 15 ]. Paeoniflorin, the principal component of the total glucosides of peony, has been proved to be the inhibitor of CYP1A, and it could be coadministrated with the first-pass effective compounds to enhance the bioavailability of drugs [ 16 ].…”

Development of a high resolution mass spectrometry method for the determination of danshensu and salvianolic acid B

“…Several methods have been developed for the determination of components in DHI using capillary electrophoresis (CE) [10], high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [11][12][13][14][15] and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) [16][17][18]. All of the current LC-MS methods were fulfilled by coupling the liquid chromatography to a low resolution mass (LRMS) analyzer such as the ion trap (IT) or the triple-quadrupole (QqQ), while the high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has been applied to quantifications of various components of Danhong injection in guinea pig [19].…”