“…9 that larger supply-smaller-than-demand losses generally occur in configurations associated with matrix entries (1,4), (2,4),(3,4), and (4,4), e.g., scenarios 14 and 15, again because the corresponding systems are without warm standby. These expected losses in entries (1,4) and (2,4) increase as λ ± increases, but the opposite trends take place in entries(3,4) and(4,4). On the other hand, the larger supply-larger-thandemand losses can usually be found in Mode-I and Mode-II configurations (see scenarios 5 and 6 in Figures7 −9and their descriptions in Part B in the SI).…”