Optimization of palm oil mill sludge biochar preparation for sulfur dioxide removal

Abstract

In this study, palm oil mill sludge was used as a precursor to prepare biochar using conventional pyrolysis. Palm oil mill sludge biochar (POSB) was prepared at different preparation variables, i.e., heating temperature (300-800 °C), heating rate (10-20 °C/min) and holding time (60-120 min). The prepared biochars were tested for sulfur dioxide (SO) adsorption in a fixed bed reactor using 300 ppm of SO gas at 300 ml/min (with N gas as balance). Response surface central composite experimental design was used to optimize the production of biochar versus SO removal. A quadratic model was developed in order to correlate the effect of variable parameters on the optimum adsorption capacity of SO gas. The experimental values and the predicted results of the model were found to show satisfactory agreement. The optimum conditions for biochar preparation to yield the best SO removal was found to be at 405 °C of heating temperature, 20 °C/min of heating rate and 88 min of holding time. At these conditions, the average yield of biochar and adsorption capacity for SO gas was reported as 54.25 g and 9.75 mg/g, respectively. The structure of biochar and their roles in SO adsorption were investigated by surface area, morphology images, infrared spectra, and proximate analysis, respectively. The characterization findings suggested that POSB adsorbs SO mainly by the functional groups.

Microwave vacuum pyrolysis conversion of waste mushroom substrate into biochar for use as growth medium in mushroom cultivation

“…types of biomass, process temperature) during the pyrolysis process. 8,9,15,16 It was also reported that the biochar surface area provides adsorption properties that can be applied in numerous applications, acting as soil amendment for planting, [17][18][19] carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) gas adsorbent, 20,21 removal of heavy metal in wastewater, 22 industrial effluent treatment, 23 precursor of activated carbon [24][25][26] and production of supercapacitor electrodes. 27 In this study, SMS was converted into biochar using microwave vacuum pyrolysis, then the biochar was used as a new ingredient added to mushroom substrate to cultivate Pleurotus species mushroom (Oyster mushroom).…”

“…types of biomass, process temperature) during the pyrolysis process . It was also reported that the biochar surface area provides adsorption properties that can be applied in numerous applications, acting as soil amendment for planting, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) gas adsorbent, removal of heavy metal in wastewater, industrial effluent treatment, precursor of activated carbon and production of supercapacitor electrodes …”

Highly effective adsorption of caffeine by a novel activated carbon prepared from coconut leaf

“…In the third stage, there is a stabilization of the mass loss rate, which also indicates a decrease in the conversion process. Soon after, on the DTG curve, it was possible to observe the presence of two peaks: the first started between 200 and 235 ºC, with a 12% of weight loss of hemicellulose degradation and the second, between 235 and 330 ºC related to the cellulose degradation [37,38]. Lignin is a macromolecule that is difficult to decompose and presents showing a prominent degradation from 330 ºC until the stabilization at approximately 500 ºC.…”

Valorization of Raw and Calcined Chicken Eggshell for Sulfur Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Removal at Low Temperature

“…SO 2 and H 2 S analyzers recorded the gas concentrations every second. The adsorption capacity was calculated from the following equation [58] using the breakthrough curve generated during the experiment:…”