Optimization of Polyacrylonitrile-2-aminothiazole Resin Synthesis, Characterization, and Its Adsorption Performance and Mechanism for Removal of Hg(II) from Aqueous Solutions

Abstract

A novel chelating resin, polyacrylonitrile-2-aminothiazole (PAN-AT), was synthesized simply by the reaction of polyacrylonitrile with 2-aminothiazole. Optimization of the PAN-AT synthesis was carried out at different temperatures, different molar ratios of reagents, and different time intervals in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) using response surface methodology (RSM) for the first attempt. The functional group capacity (the content of the functional group) and the percentage conversion of the functional group of PAN-AT prepared under the optimum conditions were 3.94 mmol/g and 41.10%, respectively. The structure of PAN-AT was characterized by elemental analysis and FTIR. Meanwhile, the adsorption properties of the resin for Hg(II) were investigated by batch and column experiments. The results suggested that the resin possessed much better adsorption capability for Hg(II) than for other metal ions and the maximum saturated adsorption capacity estimated from the Langmuir model was 454.9 mg/g at 308 K. Furthermore, the resin could be regenerated through the desorption of the Hg(II) anions using 3.0 mol/L HNO3 solution and could be reused to adsorb again. Finally, the resin and its metal complexes were studied by SEM, TGA, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Also, the PAN-AT chelating resin could provide a potential application for a treatment process of Hg(II) contaminated wastewater.

Sustainable conversion of agro-wastes into useful adsorbents

“…Also carbon content increased after acid activation showing the effectiveness of the acid treatment on the precursors. According to Xiong and coworkers only samples with high carbon content can be an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dye, heavy metals and other organic pollutant from aqueous solution (Xiong et al 2013). Effectiveness of the prepared adsorbent based on the carbon content in the removal of pollutant is in the order KNPA [ BHA [ CHA (Table 1).…”

Adsorptive removal of Ni(II) from aqueous solution on 110-H resin: optimization through response surface methodology

“…2 that the equilibrium state was not reached for 26 h. As the temperature increased from 288 to 318 K, the equilibrium adsorption capacity exhibited the same trend. A higher adsorption capacity at higher temperature suggests that the Ni(II) adsorption onto the 110-H resin is a temperature-dependent process [22].…”

“…Q 1 and Q 2 are the calculated adsorption capacities of the Lagergren firstorder model and the pseudo-second-order model (mg/g), respectively. The kinetic parameters are represented in Table 4, the experimental data for adsorption of Ni(II) on 110-H showed that the correlation coefficient (R 2 2 ) for the pseudo-second-order model is better than the correlation coefficient (R 1 2 ) for the Lagergren first-order model [22]. Moreover, the experimentally calculated capacity of the pseudo-second-order model generates good fittings which indicated that the interactions would follow the pseudo-second-order kinetics.…”

Simple synthesis of conducting poly(2-aminothiazole) with high molecular weight

“…Recently, it was reported that 2AT-functionalized polyacrylonitrile resin enabled separation and preconcentration of Hg(II) from multicomponent solutions containing Ni(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), and Pb(II) [12]. Also, 2AT-functionalized polystyrene exhibited an excellent selectivity for adsorption of Au(III) ions in the presence of Ni(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), and Co(II) interface ions in aqueous solutions [13].…”