Optimization of Protocols for In Vitro Regeneration of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)

Abstract

Sugarcane contributes 60–70% of annual sugar production in the world. Somaclonal variation has potential to enhance genetic variation present within a species. Present study was done to optimize an in vitro propagation protocol for sugarcane. The experiments included four varieties, 9 callus induction media, 27 regeneration media, and 9 root induction media under two-factor factorial CRD. Data were recorded on callus induction, embryogenic callus formation, shoot elongation (cm), root induction, and plant regeneration. Statistically significant differences existed between genotypes and treatments for callus induction (%), embryogenic callus formation (%), shoot elongation (cm), root induction, and plant regeneration (%). All parameters showed dependency on genotypes, culture media, and their interaction. Highest callus induction (95%) embryogenic callus formation (95%) was observed in callus induction media 5. Highest plantlet regeneration (98.9%) capacity was observed in regeneration media 11 whereas maximum shoot elongation (12.13 cm) and root induction (8.32) were observed in rooting media 4. G1 showed best response for all traits and vice versa for G4. Hence it was concluded that G1, callus induction media 5, regeneration media 11, and rooting media 4 are the best conditions for in vitro propagation of sugarcane.

ANALYSIS OF GENETIC STABILITY OF MICROPROPAGATED SUGARCANE IN DIFFERENT SUBCULTURE FREQUENCIES USING SSR MARKER / Analisis Kestabilan Genetik Tebu Hasil Mikropropagasi pada Beberapa Frekuensi Subkultur Menggunakan Marka SSR

“…However, the PS 862 variety can only be reproduced maximally six times because it is genetically unstable. Similar results were shown in sorghum seedlings and sugarcane, which were propagated in vitro, experienced the phenomenon of genotype-dependent (Flinn et al 2020;Ijaz et al 2015;Jamil et al 2017). Therefore, further studies are needed to find out the factors that cause the instability of PS 862 varieties during subcultures in regeneration media…”

Screening of EMS-Induced Drought-Tolerant Sugarcane Mutants Employing Physiological, Molecular and Enzymatic Approaches

“…In previous studies, EMS-induced mutagenesis has been shown to induce non-lethal point mutations in a number of plant species, creating genetic diversity in their genome [14,28,29]. Utilization of EMS mutagenesis, followed by in vitro, in vivo, and molecular screening of drought-resistant mutant clones, improved the selection efficiency, but has not gained much attention so far.…”

“…Utilization of EMS mutagenesis, followed by in vitro, in vivo, and molecular screening of drought-resistant mutant clones, improved the selection efficiency, but has not gained much attention so far. Various sugarcane researchers have induced mutations in order to enhance tolerance against disease, drought, and yield traits, but they did not characterize mutant clones molecularly for the further selection of potential mutants [14,28,[30][31][32][33]. The "EMS-induced sugarcane mutants" evaluated in previous studies were "putative" sugarcane mutants [14,28,34].…”

Development of In Vitro Callus Induction and Regeneration Protocol for Newly Released Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Genotypes from Inner Leaf Sheath

“…In vitro propagation and other in vitro techniques are commonly used in agriculture and horticulture for resolving several problems related to plant and mass propagation of crop plants. In vitro propagation of sugarcane is a model system to overcome weed control via herbicide tolerance, sugar uptake, disease control, sugar metabolism and improvement of yield components (Jamil et al, 2017). Use of plant tissue culture is a preferable technique to solve the agricultural problems over conventional methods, as plants are grown in controlled environments.…”

“…Thus, it is of paramount importance to develop specific in vitro callus induction protocols for the major commercial sugarcane genotypes. Several studies have been done on callus induction of sugarcane using different source of explant (Ali et al, 2007;Gandonou et al, 2015;Patel et al, 2015;Rao and Arjun 2015;Jamil et al, 2017 andMM et al, 2018). But in Ethiopia, very few studies were carried out on micro propagation of sugarcane through direct organogenesis and no study was done on callus induction from inner leaf sheath.…”