Optimization of pyrolysis conditions and adsorption properties of bone char for fluoride removal from water

Technologies for Decentralized Fluoride Removal: Testing Metallic Iron-based Filters

“…Bone char (BC) is generally considered the most efficient and affordable material for F´removal in decentralized safe drinking water production at present [25,[56][57][58][59]. The four main reasons for this are: (i) BC is relatively inexpensive; (ii) BC is made from locally abundantly available spent bone; (iii) BC can be manufactured in sufficient amounts and quality for local needs; and (iv) BC can be recycled via a simple thermal treatment process at 200˝C.…”

Insight into mechanisms of fluoride removal from contaminated groundwater using lanthanum-modified bone waste

“…15 The viability of such a technique is greatly dependent on the droxylation of the hydroxyapatite of bone char reducing its uoride adsorption capacity. 26 In other study, Medellin-Castillo determined the effects of solution pH on the adsorption of uoride onto bone char, which the adsorption capacity drastically increased while decreasing the pH from 7.0 to 5.0. 23 It is obvious that the operating conditions for bone waste play an important role to determine the nal adsorption capacities of the adsorbent.…”

Physico-chemical characterization of metal-doped bone chars and their adsorption behavior for water defluoridation

“…Bone chars were obtained using the synthesis conditions reported by Rojas-Mayorga et al [7]. This synthesis was performed via the pyrolysis of bovine bone wastes at 700 • C for 2 h under an inert atmosphere of N 2 .…”

“…In particular, the bone char has been considered as an adsorbent with the best efficacy -cost tradeoff for the fluoride removal from drinking water and its performance has been investigated in several studies [4,7,8,17,18]. This adsorbent is commercially available worldwide and its adsorption capacities range from 1 to 5 mg/g depending on the supplier [17][18][19].…”

“…This adsorbent is commercially available worldwide and its adsorption capacities range from 1 to 5 mg/g depending on the supplier [17][18][19]. Our previous studies have concluded that it is feasible to maximize its fluoride uptake if proper pyrolysis conditions are used for bone char synthesis [7,8]. However, the fluoride adsorption properties of bone char can be improved by the incorporation of metallic species on its surface.…”