Optimization of recovery of silica from sugarcane leaf ash and Ca/SBA-15 solid base for transesterification of Calophyllum inophyllum oil

Abstract

Highly ordered mesoporous material Santa Barbara acid-15 (SBA-15) was obtained from sugarcane leaf ash, a low cost silica source. It is highly critical today to use an inexpensive and non-toxic silica source for SBA-15 production. The objectives of the this study were to (1) investigate the relationship between the time of sonication (t), amount of sodium hydroxide used (W R ) and temperature (T) maintained using response surface methodology and obtain maximum percentage recovery of silica, (2) to synthesis SBA-15 from recovered silica (water glass), (3) to produce biodiesel from Calophyllum inophyllum oil using methanol as alcohol under heterogeneous catalysis. The catalyst medium was a calcium acetate impregnated silicate mesoporous material called SBA-15. The optimum conditions for maximum recovery of SiO 2 (57.99 %) were found to be: reaction temperature-110°C, NaOH to ash weight ratio-1:3 and sonication reaction time-5 h. The transesterification reaction was conducted with different methanol to oil ratios (3:1, 8:1, 12:1, 16:1, 18:1) at different temperatures such as 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90°C in the presence of heterogeneous catalyst. The maximum yield of 88.77 % at 16:1 alcohol to oil ratio (molar) and 96.82 % at the temperature of 80°C was obtained.

Selectivity of the New Catalyst ZnO-MCM-48-CaO in Esterification of Calophyllum inophyllum Oil

“…According to research, the Al-MCM-41 catalyst provides the highest conversion rate (up to 98%). By adding aluminum to MCM-41, the catalyst's Lewis and Bronsted acid sites were enhanced, resulting in higher activity [27], [28]. Unfortunately, the method offered by this catalyst is not cost-effective (reaction time was 5 hour).…”

Analysis of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine in human plasma by HPLC-UV using a high purity C18 silica-based SPE sorbent

“…18 However, due to its high cost, the applicability of other silica precursors has been investigated. 13,19 Sodium silicates (or water glass) have become economical silica precursors for SPE sorbents. Although they have a larger quantity of metals (metals > 0.3%), a pre-treatment with cationic resin and acid washing may diminish impurities and improve their quality.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano-Silica from Teff Straw

“…Second step involves condensation reaction between silanol to form Si-O-Si network (equations 3 and 4). Third step is polymerization reaction (equation 5)[30,31].…”