Optimization of solid phase dispersive field‐assisted ultrasonication for the extraction of auramine O and crystal violet dyes using central composite design

Abstract

Simultaneous preconcentration and determination of auramine o (AO) and crystal violet (CV) dyes from aqueous solution was conducted by ultrasound assisted (dispersive) solid phase microextraction (UASPME) based on SnO2/SnS composite loaded activated carbon (SnO2/SnS‐NCs‐AC). The prepared of SnO2/SnS‐NCs‐AC was characterized by FESEM and XRD analysis. Main and interaction influences of operational parameters such as pH, sonication time, amounts of sorbent, and type of eluent on extraction efficiency were investigated by central composite design and optimized with desirability function approach (DFA). ANOVA was conducted and shows that optimized values were found at 15.33 min sonication time, 0.019 g SnO2/SnS‐NCs‐AC mass, pH 5.46 and among different solvents, dimethyl formamide was selected as an efficient eluent. Under this conditions recoverees percentage were obtained 82.85% and 86.70% for AO and CV, respectively. Based on F‐test under ANOVA all main effect and interaction effect of understudy parameters has the significant effect on the responses. At optimum conditions, limit of detection (0.0015 and 0.001 mg/l), limit of quantitation (0.4 and 0.4 mg/l), limit of linearity (9.0 and 9.0 mg/l), enrichment factor (33.48 and 83.71) and percent relative standard deviation (3.44 and 4.20) were found to be for auramine o and crystal violet dyes, respectively. Finally, the method was successfully applied for the preconcentration and determination of AO and CV in water samples and ER% of 89.0‐97.0 and 96.2–98.0% as acceptable range were found to be for AO and CV samples, respectively.

Solvent‐free mechanochemical preparation of graphene oxide–Fe3O4 and its application in magnetic dispersive solid‐phase extraction of illegal dyes in food samples

“…Several analytical techniques have been reported for the determination of these yellow cationic dyes in different food samples (e.g., UV-Vis, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, HPLC, and LC-MS) [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Among them, widely accessible HPLC has attracted considerable attention due to its remarkable precision, accuracy, high separation efficiency, and reliable performance.…”

New MOF/COF Hybrid as a Robust Adsorbent for Simultaneous Removal of Auramine O and Rhodamine B Dyes

“…Recently, because of the rapid development of various industries, large amounts of dyeing wastewater are released into the environment directly without appropriate treatments. − The toxicity of industrial dyes imposes a serious menace to the water perimeter and human health . Synthetic dyes from printing and dyeing industries hamper sunlight penetration into water and causes the death of plants and animals, as well as is harmful to humans. , Accordingly, efficient treatment technologies such as photocatalytic oxidation or reduction, membrane filtration, biological treatment, and adsorption have been developed for the removal of organic dyes from wastewater. − Amongst the removal techniques, adsorption is an eco-friendly technology for the removal of dyes from wastewater owing to its simple operation, great efficiency, and economic facility and produces no byproducts. , For the adsorption process, finding a new effective surface adsorbent containing aromatic rings, functional groups, and reactive sites for π–π stacking, H-bonding, and electrostatic interactions with other aromatic-containing compounds with OH, NH, O, and SH groups as well as surface charges for efficient capture is very important. , A hybrid of two of these compounds is discussed in this study.…”

“…1−4 The toxicity of industrial dyes imposes a serious menace to the water perimeter and human health. 5 Synthetic dyes from printing and dyeing industries hamper sunlight penetration into water and causes the death of plants and animals, as well as is harmful to humans. 6,7 Accordingly, efficient treatment technologies such as photocatalytic oxidation or reduction, membrane filtration, biological treatment, and adsorption have been developed for the removal of organic dyes from wastewater.…”