Optimization of Spring Parameters by Using the Bees Algorithm for the Foldable Wing Mechanism

Abstract

In this study, the design of the torsion and compression springs of the foldable wing mechanism used in the missile is discussed as an optimization problem. The objective functions discussed in this study are to maximize the energies of the springs and to minimize the opening time of the wing. In the optimization studies, the material type of the springs was kept constant and the wire diameter, coiling diameter, coiling number, and deflection were determined as variables. While there are geometric constraints for the variables due to the dimensions of the mechanism, there are also safety factor constraints due to the loads to which the springs are exposed. The Bees Algorithm was used to solve this optimization problem. The energy values obtained with BA were better than the values obtained with the DOE study before. The springs and mechanism designed with the parameters obtained as a result of the optimization were first analysed in the ADAMS program. Afterward, the springs produced were integrated into the real mechanism, and experimental tests were carried out. As a result of the tests, it has been seen that the wing opens in about 90 ms. This value is well below the project target of 200 ms. In addition, there is only a 15 ms difference between the analysis results and the experimental results.