“…40 The fabrication of the composites using SPS could have also contributed to the chemical bonding and/or adhesion observed in the resultant composites owing to the possibility of sintering powders to near full densification with little grain growth. 41,42 Hence, favourable in the enhancement of the nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus of the fabricated composites reported in the study.Figure 2.Scanning electron microscope image of (a) Pure PI (b) 5 wt% ECR/PI (c) 10 wt% ECR/PI (d) 15 wt% ECR/PI (e) 20 wt% ECR/PI. PI: polyimide; ECR: electrical corrosion resistance.…”
In recent times, glass fiber reinforcements are extensively used in the development of polymer matrix composites to improve their performance especially when used for engineering applications. As such, the focus of the present study remains on the effects of electrical corrosion resistance (ECR) glass particles on the mechanical and tribological properties of polyimide (PI) composites fabricated by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. SPS is a novel powder metallurgy method in producing homogeneous composite materials in short sintering time with finer microstructure. However, the PI composites were produced at different contents of ECR-glass reinforcement particles (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt %). The microstructural characterization of the samples was conducted using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Nanoindentation tests and pin-on-disc wear tests (under dry condition) were conducted to evaluate the mechanical and tribological properties of the composites. The SEM results revealed that the reinforcement’s particles were well distributed in the PI matrix phase. Incorporation of ECR-glass particles into the PI composites improved its hardness and elastic modulus. The ECR-glass/PI matrix composite loaded with 15 wt% ECR displayed a significant reduction in coefficient of friction from 0.091 to 0.015 and wear rate from 0.81 × 10−4 to 0.14 × 10−4 mm3/Nm. In addition, the ECR/PI composites exhibited improved dielectric properties over the pure PI. Hence, corroborating the potential of this ECR-glass reinforced PI for industrial (automobile and power) applications requiring high hardness, elastic modulus, good wear resistance, and low dielectric constant.
“…40 The fabrication of the composites using SPS could have also contributed to the chemical bonding and/or adhesion observed in the resultant composites owing to the possibility of sintering powders to near full densification with little grain growth. 41,42 Hence, favourable in the enhancement of the nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus of the fabricated composites reported in the study.Figure 2.Scanning electron microscope image of (a) Pure PI (b) 5 wt% ECR/PI (c) 10 wt% ECR/PI (d) 15 wt% ECR/PI (e) 20 wt% ECR/PI. PI: polyimide; ECR: electrical corrosion resistance.…”
In recent times, glass fiber reinforcements are extensively used in the development of polymer matrix composites to improve their performance especially when used for engineering applications. As such, the focus of the present study remains on the effects of electrical corrosion resistance (ECR) glass particles on the mechanical and tribological properties of polyimide (PI) composites fabricated by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. SPS is a novel powder metallurgy method in producing homogeneous composite materials in short sintering time with finer microstructure. However, the PI composites were produced at different contents of ECR-glass reinforcement particles (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt %). The microstructural characterization of the samples was conducted using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Nanoindentation tests and pin-on-disc wear tests (under dry condition) were conducted to evaluate the mechanical and tribological properties of the composites. The SEM results revealed that the reinforcement’s particles were well distributed in the PI matrix phase. Incorporation of ECR-glass particles into the PI composites improved its hardness and elastic modulus. The ECR-glass/PI matrix composite loaded with 15 wt% ECR displayed a significant reduction in coefficient of friction from 0.091 to 0.015 and wear rate from 0.81 × 10−4 to 0.14 × 10−4 mm3/Nm. In addition, the ECR/PI composites exhibited improved dielectric properties over the pure PI. Hence, corroborating the potential of this ECR-glass reinforced PI for industrial (automobile and power) applications requiring high hardness, elastic modulus, good wear resistance, and low dielectric constant.
“…The process parameters used as an input into the ANN as well as the corresponding output target as determined by the RSM two-factor combination in our previous work (Adesina et al, 2019) are presented in Table 1. The factors are the temperature and pressure values, while the response is the density and hardness values.…”
The quality and performance of composite-based materials are functions of their mechanical properties. Hence, a scientific basis is needed for the determination of the feasible combination of process parameters that will bring about excellent mechanical properties. This study examines the potential of artificial neural network (ANN) for the prediction of mechanical properties, namely density and hardness of graphene nanoplatelet (GNP)/polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposite developed under various operating conditions of spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. A back-propagation having a 2-12-2 architecture and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was developed to predict the mechanical performance in terms of density and hardness property of GNP/PLA nanocomposites. The predictions of the modelled results were compared with those of the experimental value obtained. The model gave a low rootmean-squared error and performed well with the correlation coefficient (R) for both outputs; density (0.95497) and hardness (0.9832) found to be close to 1. The results of the predicted data were discovered to be very consistent with the values obtained
“…The method of sintering powders allows to mix with each other materials with significant differences in density, often these are non-reactive materials, in which the connection between the matrix and the admixture phase is mechanical. Preparation of ceramic composites with graphene addition is usually carried out using free sintering and Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) methods [34][35][36][37].…”
Section: Preparation Of Ceramic Matrix Compositesmentioning
Graphene is a new, advanced material with many possible applications in basic and clinical medicine, electronics and automation. Graphene compounds can be successfully used as an integral part of drug delivery systems, in the construction of transistors, polar processors, touch screens, solar cells and in the production of materials for the manufacture of personal protective equipment, i.e. products and equipment intended to protect the health and life of users. The literature review presented in this paper concerns physical and mechanical properties of composites containing graphene or its structure as well as methods of obtaining polymer, metallic and ceramic composites doped with graphene structures. Data analysis of the potential use of graphene and its composites in personal protective equipment such as monitoring sensors, clothing and security equipment such as ballistic armor, helmets and protective clothing were also reviewed and summarized.
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