Optimization of the Activated Carbon Preparation from Avocado Seeds, using the Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

Avocado seeds based activated carbon was prepared using chemical activation method which consisted of potassium hydroxide treatment. The main factors influencing the preparation of activated carbons at the calcination temperature, the concentration of the activating agent and the duration of calcination were investigated. One used as a mathematical model the response surface methodology to correlate the response. The significant factors identified by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) through the t-test, the Pareto diagram and the diagrams of surfaces. The optimum avocado seeds based activated carbon was obtained by using calcination temperature of 450 oC, concentration of activating agent of 0.3 mol/L and time of calcination of 3.0 h, which resulted to an avocado seed based activated carbon iodine number remove of 1142.1 mg/g and yield of 75.09 %, by mass. The best activated carbon obtained under the previous conditions and the raw biomass was characterized by Fourier transform infrared and Scanning Electronic Microscope.

Anticancer, Antioxidant, and Catalytic Activities of Green Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles Using Avocado Seed Aqueous Extract

“…Apart from the listed peaks, AvoSE–AuNPs also showed an absorption peak at 613.44 cm –1 which is primarily due to a C–Br stretch. These results are in accordance with several studies which have identified peaks at 3330, 3000–2840, 2920, 1730, 1580, and 1150–1000 cm –1 from raw avocado seeds . The spectra indicated the presence of hydroxyl and carboxylic groups on the AvoSE–AuNPs, and this may possibly be a result of the involvement of flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, and/or carbohydrates in the synthesis process.…”

“…These results are in accordance with several studies which have identified peaks at 3330, 3000− 2840, 2920, 1730, 1580, and 1150−1000 cm −1 from raw avocado seeds. 71 The spectra indicated the presence of hydroxyl and carboxylic groups on the AvoSE−AuNPs, and this may possibly be a result of the involvement of flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, and/or carbohydrates in the synthesis process. Several studies have reported the role of hydroxyl and carboxylic acids-containing compounds in the bio-reduction, capping, and stabilization of AuNPs.…”

Optimization of Water Hyacinth Stem-Based Oxygen-Functionalized Activated Carbon for Enhanced Supercapacitors

“…Then, 15 g of precursor was treated using (10, 15, and 20 g) potassium hydroxide pellets (KOH, >85.0%, Mumbai, India) with (10, 15, and 20 g) potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 , >99.0%, Mumbai, India) in 50 mL of double-distilled water to dissolve all KOH and K 2 CO 3 . The mixture was left overnight at room temperature and then dried at 110 °C for 24 h. 30 To get stable pyrolysis temperature, 5.4 mg of dried sample was characterized by a DTG-60H simultaneous thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyzer from Shimadzu.…”

Adsorption and desorption of flavonoids on activated carbon impregnated with different metal ions

“… 1 Commonly used powdered AC has high mechanical strength and good mechanical and chemical stability. 2 Activated carbon has a wide range of biomass sources, such as coffee husk, 3 shea residue, 4 avocado seeds 5 and straws; the biomass can also be prepared as a graphene material to catalyze the production of biodiesel from microalgae lipids under solar energy. 6 Therefore, it is widely used in adsorption, separation, catalysis, medicine and other fields.…”