Optimization of the Loading of an Environmentally Friendly Compatibilizer Derived from Linseed Oil in Poly(Lactic Acid)/Diatomaceous Earth Composites

González, L.V.Flores; Agüero, Ángel; Quiles-Carrillo, Luís; Lascano, Diego; Muñoz, Néstor Montañés

doi:10.3390/ma12101627

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Slightly higher T g values and also more intense peaks were obtained for the ELO-and MLO-containing composite pieces, particularly at the lowest oil contents, which indicate that the achieved interfacial adhesion reduced the thermomechanical effect induced by the FSF particles. Similar results were obtained for PLA/silica (SiO 2 ) composites processed with the linseed derived chemically modified oils, showing that the storage modulus of the composite with 5 phr of MLO was reduced from 830 MPa to 600 MPa and this reduction was maintained with the oil content increase [69].…”

Section: Thermomechanical Properties Of Pla/fsf Composite Piecessupporting

confidence: 76%

Valorization of Linen Processing By-Products for the Development of Injection-Molded Green Composite Pieces of Polylactide with Improved Performance

et al. 2020

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This work reports the development and characterization of green composites based on polylactide (PLA) containing fillers and additives obtained from by-products or waste-streams from the linen processing industry. Flaxseed flour (FSF) was first produced by the mechanical milling of golden flaxseeds. The resultant FSF particles were melt-compounded at 30 wt% with PLA in a twin-screw extruder. Two multi-functionalized oils derived from linseed, namely epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) and maleinized linseed oil (MLO), were also incorporated during melt mixing at 2.5 and 5 parts per hundred resin (phr) of composite. The melt-compounded pellets were thereafter shaped into pieces by injection molding and characterized. Results showed that the addition of both multi-functionalized linseed oils successfully increased ductility, toughness, and thermal stability of the green composite pieces whereas water diffusion was reduced. The improvement achieved was related to both a plasticizing effect and, more interestingly, an enhancement of the interfacial adhesion between the biopolymer and the lignocellulosic particles by the reactive vegetable oils. The most optimal performance was attained for the MLO-containing green composite pieces, even at the lowest content, which was ascribed to the higher solubility of MLO with the PLA matrix. Therefore, the present study demonstrates the potential use of by-products or waste from flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) to obtain renewable raw materials of suitable quality to develop green composites with high performance for market applications such as rigid food packaging and food-contact disposable articles in the frame of the Circular Economy and Bioeconomy.

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Section: Thermomechanical Properties Of Pla/fsf Composite Piecessupporting

confidence: 76%

Valorization of Linen Processing By-Products for the Development of Injection-Molded Green Composite Pieces of Polylactide with Improved Performance

et al. 2020

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“…The melting point of the PLA crystalline fraction is in the range of 150−154 °C, the signals area was higher for neat PLA than for the samples with the filler ( Table 3 , k +5%a–b). This observation can be explained by the fact that diatom shells may act as the nuclei of crystallization and boosts the formation of crystallites [ 29 ]. An addition of diatomaceous earth to the polymer significantly reduced the contribution of the amorphous fraction and increased that of the crystalline phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogenic Composite Filaments Based on Polylactide and Diatomaceous Earth for 3D Printing

et al. 2020

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New composites containing a natural filler made of diatom shells (frustules), permitting the modification of polylactide matrix, were produced by Fused Deposition Modelling (3D printing) and were thoroughly examined. Two mesh fractions of the filler were used, one of <40 µm and the other of 40−63 µm, in order to check the effect of the filler particle size on the composite properties. The composites obtained contained diatom shells in the concentrations from 0% to 5% wt. (0−27.5% vol.) and were subjected to rheological analysis. The composites obtained as filaments of 1.75 mm in diameter were used for 3D printing. The printed samples were characterized as to hydrophilic–hydrophobic, thermal and mechanical properties. The functional parameters of the printed objects, e.g., mechanical characteristics, stability on contact with water and water contact angle, were measured. The results revealed differences in the processing behavior of the samples as well as the effect of secondary granulation of the filler on the parameters of the printing and mechanical properties of the composites.

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“…The addition of 30% of short hemp fiber without any compatibilizers results in a decrease of the crystallinity, and this may be because the fiber-matrix interaction is not good enough, inhibiting the nucleating effect typical of these fibers. As mentioned above, the use of MLO as a compatibilizing agent also has a plasticizing effect, causing the free volume between the matrix chains to increase, thus decreasing the contact of the fibers with the matrix and decreasing the nucleating effect of the fibers in the matrix, which is reflected in the decrease in crystallinity [55].…”

Section: Thermal Properties Of the Recycled Polypropylene Sample And The Rpp/hemp Fiber Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading Recycled Polypropylene from Textile Wastes in Wood Plastic Composites with Short Hemp Fiber

et al. 2021

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This research reports the manufacturing and characterization of green composites made from recycled polypropylene obtained from the remnants of polypropylene non-woven fabrics used in the textile industry and further reinforced with short hemp fibers (SHFs). To improve the interaction of the reinforcing fibers with the recycled polymeric matrix, two types of compatibilizing agents (maleic anhydride grafted, PP-g-MA, and maleinized linseed oil, MLO) were added during melt-processing, the percentage of which had to remain constant concerning the amount of fiber loading to ensure complete reactivity. Standardized test specimens were obtained by injection molding. The composites were characterized by mechanical (tensile, impact, and hardness), thermal (DSC, TGA), thermomechanical, FTIR, and FESEM microscopy tests. In addition, color and water uptake properties were also analyzed. The results show that the addition of PP-g-MA to rPP was satisfactory, thus improving the fiber-matrix interaction, resulting in a marked reinforcing effect of the hemp fibers in the recycled PP matrix, which can be reflected in the increased stiffness of the samples. In parallel to the compatibilizing effect, a plasticizing effect was obtained by incorporating MLO, causing a decrease in the glass transition temperature of the composites by approximately 6 °C and an increase in ductility compared to the unfilled recycled polypropylene samples.

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Optimization of the Loading of an Environmentally Friendly Compatibilizer Derived from Linseed Oil in Poly(Lactic Acid)/Diatomaceous Earth Composites

Cited by 24 publications

References 53 publications

Valorization of Linen Processing By-Products for the Development of Injection-Molded Green Composite Pieces of Polylactide with Improved Performance

Valorization of Linen Processing By-Products for the Development of Injection-Molded Green Composite Pieces of Polylactide with Improved Performance

Biogenic Composite Filaments Based on Polylactide and Diatomaceous Earth for 3D Printing

Upgrading Recycled Polypropylene from Textile Wastes in Wood Plastic Composites with Short Hemp Fiber

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