Optimization of the separation and on-line sample concentration of phenethylamine designer drugs with capillary electrophoresis–fluorescence detection

Simultaneous determination of new thioamphetamine designer drugs in plasma by capillary electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry

“…The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) were from 23–43 ng/mL and from 59–90 ng/mL, respectively (Table 1). This level of sensitivity was comparable with that by CE/MS or fluorescence derivatisation detection for similar analytes,11, 12 and was sufficient for confirmation of the presence of the analytes in plasma samples obtained from abusers of these analytes.…”

“…To date, the determination of amphetamines from the ALEPH series in biological samples has not yet been demonstrated. However, capillary electrophoresis has recently been applied to the detection in biological matrices of phenethylamine‐based analogues of ALEPH‐2 (2C‐T‐series) 11, 12. Analysis by capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry (CE/MS) does not require sample derivatisation prior to analysis to improve the sensitivity of the method and it has been successfully applied to a wide variety of small molecules in biological matrices, including amphetamine‐like compounds 13–16…”

Studies on the toxicological detection of the designer drug 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-β-phenethylamine (2C-B) in rat urine using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

“…Some stud- ies have been published on the detection of 2C-B itself in blood and/or urine [24][25][26][27]. However, as shown by the metabolism studies, 2C-B itself was excreted into urine only to a very small extent, whereas the metabolites played the main role in the excretion process.…”

CE detector based on light‐emitting diodes

“…A mixture of five 2C-series of phenethylamine designer drugs, including 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylthio-phenethylamine, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-(n)-propylthio-phenethyl-amine, 4-chloro-2,5-dimeth-oxyphenethylamine, 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenethylamine, was separated and detected by means of CE with native fluorescence and LED-induced fluorescence detection, respectively, for comparison [41]. In the former case, exciting at a wavelength of 300 nm from an Xe lamp was used.…”