“…The fuel spray break-up is caused by the aerodynamic interaction with the gas inside the chamber, whose relative motion contributes to amplify unstable waves on the spray surface. 39,54–56 Experimentally at lower fuel injection ratio, lowest engine block vibration was found to be 0.0251178 m/s 2 and 0.0257835 m/s 2 for WBED 5 and WBED 10, respectively, whereas it was 0.0276133 m/s 2 , 0.0294561 m/s 2 and 0.0305029 m/s 2 in case of WBED 15, WBED 20, and WBED 25, respectively, at 6 Nm load, 16 Compression ratio and 180 bar FIP condition. In same condition, as compared to diesel fuel, engine block vibration increases by 0.000202 m/s 2 , 0.0008677 m/s 2 , 0.0026975 m/s 2 , 0.0045403 m/s 2 , and 0.0055871 m/s 2 for WBED 5, WBED 10, WBED 15, WBED 20, and WBED 25, respectively.…”