Optimization of Thickness Uniformity in Electrodeposition onto a Patterned Substrate

Oh, Young-Joo; Chung, Soon-Hyo; Lee, Man-seung

doi:10.2320/matertrans.45.3005

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…There are some notable disadvantages related to electrodeposition. Process parameters must be optimized for each workpiece to obtain uniform thickness [60]. Environmental concerns also arise from the process such as the acidic, alkaline, and cyanide discharge.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition Methods for Microstructured and Nanostructured Coatings on Metallic Bone Implants: A Review

Moore

Asadi

Lewis

2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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A review of current deposition processes is presented as they relate to osseointegration of metallic bone implants. The objective is to present a comprehensive review of different deposition processes used to apply microstructured and nanostructured osteoconductive coatings on metallic bone implants. Implant surface topography required for optimal osseointegration is presented. Five of the most widely used osteoconductive coating deposition processes are reviewed in terms of their microstructure and nanostructure, usable thickness, and cost, all of which are summarized in tables and charts. Plasma spray techniques offer cost-effective coatings but exhibit deficiencies with regard to osseointegration such as high-density, amorphous coatings. Electrodeposition and aerosol deposition techniques facilitate the development of a controlled-microstructure coating at a similar cost. Nanoscale physical vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition offer an alternative approach by allowing the coating of a highly structured surface without significantly affecting the microstructure. Various biomedical studies on each deposition process are reviewed along with applicable results. Suggested directions for future research include further optimization of the process-microstructure relation, crystalline plasma spray coatings, and the deposition of discrete coatings by additive manufacturing.

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Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition Methods for Microstructured and Nanostructured Coatings on Metallic Bone Implants: A Review

Moore

Asadi

Lewis

2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…Because electroplating processes are affected by many parameters such as pH, temperature, current density, plating time, metal ions, concentration, agitation [6], and experimental approaches are difficult to estimate the effects of these parameters. So, many studies using simulation have been conducted for efficient studies [1][2][3][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a New Modeling Technique to Simulate 3-dimensional Electroplating System Considering the Effects of Fluid Flow

Lim

Lee

Yim

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Sci. Technol

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Electroplating is a widely used surface treatment method in the manufacturing process of electronic parts and uniformity of the electrodeposition thickness is very crucial for these applications. Since many variables including fluid flow influence the uniformity of the film, it is difficult to conduct efficient research only by experiments. So many studies using simulation have been carried out. However, the most popular simulation technique, which calculates secondary current distribution, has a limitation on the considering the effects of fluid flow on the deposition behavior. And modified method, which is calculating a tertiary current distribution, is limited to a two-dimensional study of simple shapes because of the massive computational load. In the present study, we propose a new electroplating simulation method that can be applied to complex shapes considering the effect of flow. This new model calculates the electroplating process with three steps. First, the thickness of boundary layers on the surface of the cathode plane and velocity magnitudes at the positions are calculated from the simulation of fluid flow. Next, polarization curves of different velocities are obtained by calculations or experiments. Finally, both results are incorporated into the electroplating simulation program as boundary conditions at the cathode plane. The results of the model showed good agreements with the experimental results, and the effects of fluid flow of electrolytes on the uniformity of deposition thickness was quantitatively predicted.

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“…[5,6,7] Recently, new attempts have been made by direct irradiation using a high-energy electron beam to achieve surface hardening or surface compositing. [8][9][10][11] When a high-energy electron beam irradiates on the material surface, the kinetic energy of electrons is converted to heat. This thermal energy can readily melt ceramics having high melting points.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of microstructure with hardness and wear resistance in (TiC,SiC)/stainless steel surface composites fabricated by high-energy electron-beam irradiation

Yun

Kim

Lee

et al. 2004

Metall Mater Trans A

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Stainless-steel-based surface composites reinforced with TiC and SiC carbides were fabricated by high-energy electron beam irradiation. Four types of powder/flux mixtures, i.e., TiC, (Ti ϩ C), SiC, and (Ti ϩ SiC) powders with 40 wt. pct of CaF 2 flux, were deposited evenly on an AISI 304 stainless steel substrate, which was then irradiated with an electron beam. TiC agglomerates and pores were found in the surface composite layer fabricated with TiC powders because of insufficient melting of TiC powders. In the composite layer fabricated with Ti and C powders having lower melting points than TiC powders, a number of primary TiC carbides were precipitated while very few TiC agglomerates or pores were formed. This indicated that more effective TiC precipitation was obtained from the melting of Ti and C powders than of TiC powders. A large amount of precipitates such as TiC and Cr 7 C 3 improved the hardness, high-temperature hardness, and wear resistance of the surface composite layer two to three times greater than that of the stainless steel substrate. In particular, the surface composite fabricated with SiC powders had the highest volume fraction of Cr 7 C 3 distributed along solidification cell boundaries, and thus showed the best hardness, high-temperature hardness, and wear resistance.

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Optimization of Thickness Uniformity in Electrodeposition onto a Patterned Substrate

Cited by 31 publications

References 4 publications

Deposition Methods for Microstructured and Nanostructured Coatings on Metallic Bone Implants: A Review

Deposition Methods for Microstructured and Nanostructured Coatings on Metallic Bone Implants: A Review

Development of a New Modeling Technique to Simulate 3-dimensional Electroplating System Considering the Effects of Fluid Flow

Correlation of microstructure with hardness and wear resistance in (TiC,SiC)/stainless steel surface composites fabricated by high-energy electron-beam irradiation

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