“…The use of AI has been widely utilized in various fields, such as science [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], energy [ 16 , 17 , 18 ], and economics [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Some examples include ML techniques [ 22 , 23 , 24 ], ensemble techniques [ 25 , 26 ], soft computing techniques [ 27 , 28 ], statistical techniques [ 29 ], and fuzzy-based systems [ 30 ]. The effective application of AI in several O&G domains, such as gas [ 31 ], pipeline [ 32 ], crude oil [ 33 ], oxyhydrogen gas retrofit [ 34 ], and transformer oil [ 35 ], has received increased interest in the last few years.…”