Optimization of ZnO-NPs to Investigate Their Safe Application by Assessing Their Effect on Soil Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Gupta, Sudhir; Kushwah, Tanuja; Vishwakarma, Ashutosh; Yadav, Shweta

doi:10.1515/nano.11671_2015.11

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…[36,40] Similarly, other authors reported that smaller NPs (≤ 10 nm) were more toxic to C. elegans than larger NPs (≥ 50 nm). [41,42] We quantified the uptake of NPs by chemical analysis and found that worms ingested 500 times more 11-nm AuNPs than 150-nm AuNPs. However, the gold mass contained in the worm's body was nearly seven times higher in the case of the large NPs due to the size of the ingested particles.…”

Section: Toxicity and Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[41,42] In terms of NP uptake per body mass, C. elegans ingested 6-42×10 5 μg/kg AuNPs, which corresponds to a metal dose which is 5-6 orders of magnitude above the maximum prescribed dose for humans. For instance, MesoGold®, marketed in the US as a mineral supplement to enhance the body's immune system, contains a dispersion of 3.2-nm AuNPs at 20 µg/mL (250 mL), with the recommended adult daily dosage being 4-17 μg/kg.…”

Section: Toxicity and Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

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In vivo testing of gold nanoparticles using the Caenorhabditis elegans model organism

et al. 2017

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Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are present in many man-made products and cosmetics, and are also used by the food and medical industries. Tight regulations regarding the use of mammalian animals for product testing can hamper the study of the specific interactions between engineered nanoparticles and biological systems.Invertebrate models, such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), can offer alternative approaches during the early phases of nanoparticle discovery.Here, we thoroughly evaluated the biodistribution of 11-nm and 150-nm citratecapped AuNPs in the model organism C. elegans at multiple scales, moving from micrometric to nanometric resolution and from the organismal to cellular level. We confirmed that the nanoparticles were not able to cross the intestinal and dermal barriers. We investigated the effect of AuNPs on the survival and reproductive performance of C. elegans, and correlated these effects with the uptake of AuNPs in terms of their number, surface area, and metal mass. In general, exposure to 11-nm AuNPs resulted in a higher toxicity than the larger 150-nm AuNPs. NP aggregation inside C. elegans was determined using absorbance microspectroscopy, which allowed the plasmonic properties of AuNPs to be correlated with their confinement inside the intestinal lumen, where anatomical traits, acidic pH and the presence of biomolecules play an essential role on NP aggregation. Finally, quantitative PCR of selected molecular markers indicated that exposure to AuNPs did not significantly affect 2 endocytosis and intestinal barrier integrity. Statement of significanceThis work highlights how the simple, yet information-rich, animal model C. elegans is ideally suited for preliminary screening of nanoparticles or chemicals mitigating most of the difficulties associated with mammalian animal models, namely the ethical issues, the high cost, and time constraints. This is of particular relevance to the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries, which all have to justify the use of animals, especially during the discovery, development and initial screening phases. This work provides a detailed and thorough analysis of 11-nm and 150-nm AuNPs at multiple levels of organization (the whole organism, organs, tissues, cells and molecules).

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Section: Toxicity and Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Toxicity and Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo testing of gold nanoparticles using the Caenorhabditis elegans model organism

et al. 2017

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“…Toxicity of particles is rightly associated to their sizes. Usually, greater toxicity is developed by smaller size particles [62,63].…”

Section: Novel Non-resorbable Polymeric Nanoparticles For the Dentin ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric zinc-doped nanoparticles for high performance in restorative dentistry

Toledano

Vallecillo-Rivas

Aguilera

et al. 2021

Journal of Dentistry

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Toxicity Evaluation of Graphene and Poly(Lactic-Acid) Using a Nematode Model

Kong

Aziz

Kakarla

et al. 2019

SSP

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Graphene has gained tremendous attention due to its unlimited potential in various applications while poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a biodegradable thermoplastic polyester produced from fermenting corn starch. The incorporation of graphene into PLA has been proven to exhibit excellent mechanical and thermal properties. However, there are not many reports on the potential toxic effect of these materials towards living organisms. In this study, we investigated the possible toxicity of graphene and PLA-graphene in a live animal model, the nematode Caenorhabdits elegans (C. elegans). Alive adult worms were exposed directly to graphene and PLA-graphene across a range of concentrations from 50 µg/mL to 1000 µg/mL. After certain hours of exposure, the pharyngeal pumping rate (indicative of the C. elegans feeding activity), reproductive rate and lifespan of the worms were determined and compared to the untreated worm population. At all concentrations tested, both graphene and PLA-graphene do not affect the feeding rate of the nematode. Additionally, there was no significant difference between the lifespan of worms exposed to graphene and PLA-graphene as compared to the untreated control population (p>0.05). We examined the effect of graphene on nematode’s ability to reproduce and no reduction in progenies was detected (p>0.05). Taken together, our findings suggest that graphene and PLA-graphene do not possess a negative effect on the feeding activity, reproduction and overall lifespan of the host, indicating that these materials are safe to living organism at concentration up to 1000 µg/mL.

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Optimization of ZnO-NPs to Investigate Their Safe Application by Assessing Their Effect on Soil Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

In vivo testing of gold nanoparticles using the Caenorhabditis elegans model organism

In vivo testing of gold nanoparticles using the Caenorhabditis elegans model organism

Polymeric zinc-doped nanoparticles for high performance in restorative dentistry

Toxicity Evaluation of Graphene and Poly(Lactic-Acid) Using a Nematode Model

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