Optimized Biosurfactant Production by <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Strain CGA1 Using Agro-Industrial Waste as Sole Carbon Source

Abstract

Biosurfactants are biomolecules produced by microorganisms, which possess several advantages over their chemical counterparts. Production can be cost-effective if renewable wastes are utilized as substrates. In this study, optimization of biosurfactant production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain CGA1 was carried out using response surface methodology. The conventional "One factor at a time" method of optimization was initially adopted to ascertain the impact of different renewable wastes on biosurfactant production. Four independent variables were tested: carbon and nitrogen concentration, medium volume, and inoculum size. Biosurfactant production was based on the emulsification index measurement. Results indicated that the preferred carbon source by the isolate was sugar cane molasses. A 2.31-fold increase in biosurfactant yield and emulsification index of 96.3% ± 0.75% under optimized cultural conditions of 20 g/L of molasses, 5 g/L of sodium nitrate, 1.93 ml inoculum size and 60 ml medium volume in 250 ml conical flask were obtained. The regression coefficient (R 2) value of 84.15% implied adequate fitness of the model. The surface tension of distilled water was reduced from 72.1 mN/m to 35.0 ± 0.0 mN/m, and critical micelle concentration was attained at 60 mg•L −1. FTIR and GC-MS analysis indicated that the biosurfactant was a lipopeptide having characteristic lipid and peptide peak values. This study proves that the sole use of agro-industrial wastes for the production of biosurfactant is very efficient, and ensures the economic feasibility of biosurfactant production.

Production of an ultrasound-assisted biosurfactant postbiotic from agro-industrial wastes and its activity against Newcastle virus

“…The production of biosurfactants is highly dependent upon the type and quantity of ingredients present in the culture media. Selecting the right sources of nitrogen and carbon or other nutrients is major step in designing a productive and cost-effective biosurfactant production process ( 45 ). For instance, ( 41 ) reported the rice bran hydrolysate as the only substrate between different agricultural by-products for biosurfactant production by L. plantarum PTCC 1896 resulting in a significant emulsification activity.…”

“…Another study by Ghasemi et al ( 18 ) was attained a significant surface tension reduction (41.97 %) from L. rhamnosus by using low-quality date syrup ( 18 ). The high biosurfactant production with sugar cane molasses and whey permeate is attributed to the presence of valuable sugar, protein, minerals, vitamins, and organic acids for the fermentation process ( 45 , 46 ). To our knowledge, few studies were conducted using whey permeate and sugar cane molasses used as the source of carbon for the production of biosurfactant from L. plantarum .…”

Antimicrobial Effect of Response Surface Optimized Pyocyanin Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…In this study, it was found that the most effective medium for pyocyanin production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa was nutrient broth supplemented with maltose. A Central Composite Design (CCD) of RSM to optimize key media components for enhanced pyocyanin yield was carried out [14]. A 2 4 -full factorial central composite design was employed to establish a second-order polynomial model.…”

“…The R 2 value measures the percentage of variance that the considered model can explain. The best conditions were confirmed and recorded as the mean±SD [15]. The response optimizer of Minitab version 17 was used to predict the optimum conditions for pyocyanin production by P. aeruginosa.…”

Evaluation of Biosurfactant Producing and Antimicrobial Resistance Pseudomonas for Heavy Metals Tolerance

“…Biosurfactants are amphiphilic substances with hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts (1,21). Surface-active molecules are synthesized commonly by bacteria, yeast, and fungi (5,13). The biological surfactants are safe, biodegradable, have good surface activity, high specificity, and are effective in stressful environments, making them eco-friendly (23,43).…”