Optimized cavity-enhanced x-ray sources for x-ray microscopy

Madey, J. M. J.; Szarmes, Eric B.; Hadmack, Michael R.; Jacobson, Bryce; Kowalczyk, Jeremy M. D.; Niknejadi, Pardis

doi:10.1117/12.2027193

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This predicted performance enhancement is significant for cavity enhanced inverse-Compton x-ray and gamma ray sources that require high average current, high brightness, and high repetition rates for which the thermionic gun is well suited [12]. Cavity enhanced sources offer the most straightforward route to a compact inverse-Compton sources, which is our focus, so we limit the following discussion to those sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Back-bombardment compensation in microwave thermionic electron guns

Kowalczyk

Madey

2014

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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The development of capable, reliable, and cost-effective compact electron beam sources remains a long-standing objective of the efforts to develop the accelerator systems needed for on-site research and industrial applications ranging from electron beam welding to high performance x-ray and gamma ray light sources for element-resolved microanalysis and national security. The need in these applications for simplicity, reliability, and low cost has emphasized solutions compatible with the use of the long established and commercially available pulsed microwave rf sources and L-, S-or X-band linear accelerators. Thermionic microwave electron guns have proven to be one successful approach to the development of the electron sources for these systems providing high macropulse average current beams with picosecond pulse lengths and good emittance out to macropulse lengths of 4-5 microseconds. But longer macropulse lengths are now needed for use in inverse-Compton x-ray sources and other emerging applications. We describe in this paper our approach to extending the usable macropulse current and pulse length of these guns through the use of thermal diffusion to compensate for the increase in cathode surface temperature due to back-bombardment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach to ebeam generation and acceleration also now appears to constitute one of the best available choices for use in high average power inverse Compton x-ray and gamma ray generation systems [12].…”

Section: Limitations Imposed By Back-bombardmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Back-bombardment compensation in microwave thermionic electron guns

Kowalczyk

Madey

2014

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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“…Enhancing the laser peak power by stacking pulses in a cavity permits the use of a low peak power pump laser while achieving the high circulating peak optical powers needed to produce useful x-ray flux. Essentially, as detailed in our earlier SPIE paper [8], in the cavity-enhanced inverse-Compton approach, the x-ray flux is maximized while the cost is minimized.…”

Section: A Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-electron laser inverse-Compton interaction x-ray source

Niknejadi

Kowalczyk²,

Hadmack³

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

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Free-electron lasers (FEL) and synchrotron sources of high brilliance x-rays have proven to be of tremendous value in basic and applied research. Inverse-Compton sources (ICS) can achieve brilliance matching the requirements of many applications pioneered at those FEL and synchrotron facilitiesincluding phase contrast imaging, macromolecular x-ray crystallography, and x-ray microscopy-but with size, cost, and complexity compatible with a small laboratory. The free-electron laser inverse-Compton interaction compact x-ray source at the University of Hawaii at Manoa is a unique approach to an ICS which employs an FEL as the laser source. We have measured a total average flux of 3.0 × 10 5 photons=second with an average brilliance of 2.0 × 10 7 photons=s mm 2 mrad 2 0.1% of bandwidth (BW) with a peak energy of 10.9 keV from the source. While these results are modest in comparison to the standards set by other IC sources, upgrades to the system have the potential to increase the total average flux to 9.2 × 10 11 photons=second with an average brilliance of 1.9 × 10 12 photons=s mm 2 mrad 2 0.1% BW: comparing more favorably to other sources. We discuss the scientific program, the progress made in design and development, and the achievements of the source to date. We also outline future upgrades and integration needed to yield an enabling source for emerging high brilliance x-ray applications.

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“…The development and integration of such storage cavities could provide a significant new experimental capability for research in high field QED and high order multiphoton spectroscopy, as well as dramatically enhancing the capabilities of the laboratory-scale cavity-enhanced inverse-Compton x-ray and Gamma ray sources currently under development at the University of Hawai'i [72].…”

Section: E Are There Any Further Transformational Developments Stillmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wilson Prize article: From vacuum tubes to lasers and back again

Madey

2014

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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The first demonstration of an optical-wavelength laser by Theodore Maiman in 1960 had a transformational impact on the paths that would be blazed to advance the state of the art of short wavelength coherent electron beam-based radiation sources. Free electron lasers (FELs) emerged from these efforts as the electron beam-based realization of the pioneering model of atom-based "optical masers" by Schawlow and Townes, but with far greater potential for tunable operation at high power and very short wavelengths. Further opportunities for yet greater capabilities may be inherent in our still growing understanding of the underlying physics. This article focuses on the FEL efforts in which the author was directly and personally involved.

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Optimized cavity-enhanced x-ray sources for x-ray microscopy

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Back-bombardment compensation in microwave thermionic electron guns

Back-bombardment compensation in microwave thermionic electron guns

Free-electron laser inverse-Compton interaction x-ray source

Wilson Prize article: From vacuum tubes to lasers and back again

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