Optimized dispersion of nanoparticles for biological in vitro and in vivo studies

Bihari, Péter; Vippola, Minnamari; Schultes, Stephan; Praetner, Marc; Khandoga, Alexander G.; Reichel, Christoph; Coester, Conrad; Tuomi, Timo; Rehberg, Markus; Krombach, Fritz

doi:10.1186/1743-8977-5-14

Cited by 414 publications

(314 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The ZnO-hydro particles without lecithin in the stock suspension also remained stable, eliminating the need for lecithin as a stabilizing agent in protein-containing media. The findings confirmed the results of our own studies [25][26][27][28] and those of other groups [23,39,43] that proteins, especially BSA, stabilize different kinds of nanoparticles under physiological conditions. Furthermore, Tantra et al [44] were able to demonstrate a stabilizing effect of BSA for ZnO particles, but these investigations were carried out in deionized water and not in physiological media.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…This conformity suggests that serum proteins adsorbed onto the particle surface, with the result that protein-coated ZnO particles appeared electrostatically to be like the free serum proteins. Such zeta potential values of protein-covered particles in physiological media are often found and seem to be particleindependent [23,45,46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…non-agglomerating stock suspensions for use in in vitro testing. A two-stage procedure (1, suspension preparation in non-physiological media; and 2, transferring and testing in physiological media), as used by many researchers, e.g., Bihari et al [23] and Taurozzi et al [24], was used. The proven approach from previous studies [25][26][27][28] was adapted to the requirements of the ZnO powders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implications of the stability behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles for toxicological studies

2014

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The increasing use of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles in sunscreens and other cosmetic products demands a risk assessment that has to be done in toxicological studies. Such investigations require profound knowledge of the behavior of ZnO in cell culture media. The current study was performed to get well-dispersed suspensions of a hydrophilic (ZnO-hydro) and a lipophilic coated (ZnO-lipo) ZnO nanomaterial for use in in vitro tests. Therefore, systematic tests were carried out with common dispersants (phosphate, lecithin, proteins) to elucidate chemical and physical changes of ZnO nanoparticles in water and physiological solutions (PBS, DMEM). Nonphysiological stock suspensions were prepared using ultrasonication. Time-dependent changes of pH, conductivity, zeta potential, particle size and dissolution were recorded. Secondly, the stock suspensions were added to physiological media with or without albumin (BSA) or serum (FBS), to examine characteristics such as agglomeration and dissolution. Stable stock suspensions were obtained using phosphate as natural and physiological electrostatic stabilizing agent. Lecithin proved to be an effective wetting agent for ZnO-lipo. Although the particle size remained constant, the suspension changed over time. The pH increased as a result of ZnO dissolution and formation of zinc phosphate complexes. The behavior of ZnO in physiological media was found to depend strongly on the additives used. Applying only phosphate as additive, ZnOhydro agglomerated within minutes. In the presence of lecithin or BSA/serum, agglomeration was inhibited. ZnO dissolution was higher under physiological conditions than in the stock suspension. Serum especially promoted this process. Using body-related dispersants (phosphate, lecithin) non-agglomerating stock suspensions of hydrophilic and lipophilic ZnO were prepared as a prerequisite to perform meaningful toxicological investigation. Both nanomaterials showed a non-negligible dissolution behavior that strongly depended on the surrounding conditions. Agglomeration of ZnO particles in physiological media is a complex function of particle coating, used dispersants and serum proteins if supplemented. The present study gives a clear guideline how to prepare and handle suspensions with ZnO for in vitro testing and allows the correlation between the chemical-physical particles behavior with findings from toxicological tests.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implications of the stability behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles for toxicological studies

2014

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“…Therefore some groups have focussed on the development of methods to create a stable and uniform dispersion via surface modification, addition of surfactants etc. [118][119][120] . But opposing opinions exist on whether NP agglomerates must be redispersed before addition to the cells or not since results from a study by Oberdörster et al in which surfactant stabilised dispersions were used, has been put to question as the observed toxicity might have been caused by surfactant residuals 121 .…”

Section: Issues With Routine In Vitro Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing nanoparticle toxicity in cell-based assays: influence of cell culture parameters and optimized models for bridging the in vitro–in vivo gap

et al. 2013

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“…When MNPs get inside of the human body, they come into contact with different biomolecules, especially protein (Bihari et al 2008;Lynch and Dawson 2008), which lead to altered properties of MNPs, thereby affect their biodistribution and interactions with biostructures and cells. The binding of protein with MNPs can trigger conformational changes in protein folding, altering its biological function, and affecting the signaling pathways activated by MNPs (Bihari et al 2008;Lynch and Dawson 2008).…”

Section: Mnps' Health Effect By Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle pollution and associated increasing potential risks on environment and human health: a case study of China

Gao

Yang

Jin³

2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The aims of this study are (1) to discuss the mechanism of nanoparticle lifecycle and estimate the impacts of its associated pollution on environment and human health; and (2) to provide recommendation to policy makers on how to leverage nanopollution and human health along with the rapid development of economics in China. Manufactured nanoparticles (MNPs) could either directly or indirectly impair human health and the environment. Exposures to MNP include many ways, such as via inhalation, ingestion, direct contact, or the use of consumer products over the lifecycle of the product. In China, the number of people exposed to MNP has been increasing year by year. To better provide medical care to people exposed to MNP, the Chinese government has established many disease control and prevention centers over China. However, the existing facilities and resources for controlling MNP are still not enough considering the number of people impacted by MNP and the number of ordinary workers in the MNP related industry applying for their occupational identification through the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. China should assess the apparent risk environment and human health being exposed to MNP and develop action plans to reduce the possibility of direct contacts between human beings and the emerging nanomaterials. In addition, we suggest more comprehensive studies on the MNP behavior and the development of quantitative approaches to measure MNP transport, and persistence should be carried out.

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Optimized dispersion of nanoparticles for biological in vitro and in vivo studies

Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was to establish and validate a practical method to disperse nanoparticles in physiological solutions for biological in vitro and in vivo studies.

Cited by 414 publications

References 19 publications

Implications of the stability behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles for toxicological studies

Implications of the stability behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles for toxicological studies

Assessing nanoparticle toxicity in cell-based assays: influence of cell culture parameters and optimized models for bridging the in vitro–in vivo gap

Nanoparticle pollution and associated increasing potential risks on environment and human health: a case study of China

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