Optimized Extraction of Resveratrol from Arachis repens Handro by Ultrasound and Microwave: A Correlation Study with the Antioxidant Properties and Phenol Contents

Abstract

The vegetal species Arachis repens, commonly known as peanut grass, was studied and, for the first time, we detected the presence of the bioactive compound trans-resveratrol (t-RSV). We compared the efficiency of three different methodologies (conventional maceration [CM], ultrasound-assisted extractions [UAE], and microwave-assisted extractions [MAE]) concerning total phenolics (TP) and resveratrol (t-RSV) content, followed by antioxidant activity (AA) evaluation. By CM, at 1 h, the highest RSV content (1.024 ± 0.036 mg/L) and, correspondingly, the highest DPPH capture (23.90 ± 0.04%) were found. The TP contents, at 1 h, presented the highest value (27.26 ± 0.26 mg/g GAE). By the UAE, the maximum yields of TP (357.18 mg/g GAE) and RSV (2.14 mg/L), as well as, the highest AA (70.95%), were obtained by 5 min after a maceration pretreatment, on the solid-solvent ratio 1 : 40 w/v. For MAE, a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was applied followed by the FFD design in order to evaluate the statistical effects of four independent variables on the extraction of RSV. The optimal conditions established for obtaining the highest recovery (2.516 mg/g) were 20 min; 90% MeOH aq.; 120 rpm; 60°C; and solid-solvent ratio: 1 : 35 w/v. Relevant correlations were established considering the TP and RSV contents, as well as the AA, corroborating obvious advantages of such techniques in terms of high extraction efficiency in shorter times.

Presence of resveratrol in wild Arachis species adds new value to this overlooked genetic resource

“…Both studies evaluated leaves after 15 h of UV induction, since previous data showed that the highest levels of resveratrol in A. hypogaea were observed between 12 20 and 16 h post induction (hpi) 21 . Recently, resveratrol was also detected in two species of the section Caulorrhizae, A. pintoi 22 and A. repens 23 .…”

Evaluation of cellular safety and the chemical composition of the peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) ethanolic extracts

“…A study made with other species of the same genus, Arachis repens , revealed a phenolic content of 27.26 ± 0.26 mg GAE/g of dried extract in a methanolic extract of leaves ( Garcia et al., 2016 ). This concentration was much lower than the one found in TEE of A. hypogaea and higher than the concentration found in SEE in the present work.…”

Study on Extraction and Purification of Trans-Resveratrol From Vine Waste - A Review

“…Solvents used -Methanol is a better solvent than acetone for resveratrol extraction, the biggest difference being visible in the case of samples that were cut into pieces, where the amount of resveratrol extracted was considerably higher [39]. According to literature, the solvents with a high degree of extraction of resveratrol are ethanol and methanol, with an optimal concentration of 80% [29]. The only disadvantage of these solvents is that they have low selectivity, so alongside resveratrol are extracted other compounds that can hinder its further purification.…”

“…[1] The best known plants with a significant content of resveratrol are the vine (Vitis vinifera) and the Japanese knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum) [28]. Recent studies in the field have brought to light other plants containing resveratrol, such as several species of spruce (Picea mariana, Picea abies, Picea glauca, Picea sichensis), hazelnuts (Arachis hypogaea), legumes (Cassia Sp., Eucalyptus globules) and others [29]. Many of the commercial preparations of resveratrol are extracted from the root of the Japanese knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum), and vary widely in degree of purity.…”