Optimized Physical Properties of Electrochromic Smart Windows to Reduce Cooling and Heating Loads of Office Buildings

Abstract

The concept of smart windows that can change the properties of windows and doors in response to external stimuli has recently been introduced. Smart windows provide superior energy savings and control of indoor environments. This concept can advance sustainable architecture, and it will make it possible to connect with the fourth industry, which has developed recently. However, unlike the relevant hardware, is advancing rapidly, research on methods of adjusting smart windows is slow. Therefore, in this study, an analysis of energy use over time was conducted on electrochromic windows, one of the main types of smart windows. Through this analysis, the optimal properties of electrochromic smart windows were identified, and an operation schedule was created. In addition, energy saving rates were derived through a comparison with existing architectural windows.

Theoretical Models of PV-EC Windows Based on the Architectural Analysis of PV-EC Technologies

“…Commercial EC glazing operates in the range of 3.5-65% [3] light transmittance (Tv), although it is possible to obtain larger spans: 1-70% [11] or 6-76% [12] for darkened and clear states, respectively. It is possible to obtain intermediate parameters, as well.…”

“…Studies have been conducted for many years and they indicate the utility benefits of EC glazing, e.g., [3], as well as its energetic qualities, e.g., [4], as compared to static glazing. These observations prompted a closer focus on the current technological concepts of combining EC glazing with photovoltaics in façade applications.…”

Colored electrolytes for electrochromic devices

“…Electrochromic devices, ECDs, are defined as systems that can reversibly change their optical properties in response to an applied voltage [1]. ECDs received growing interests in many applications such as smart windows, rearview mirrors and displays [2][3][4][5][6]. One main challenge of this research field is to achieve a large color palette to diversify its applications, especially for displays.…”

Towards two-dimensional color tunability of all-solid-state electrochromic devices using carbon dots

“…Electrochromic devices (ECDs) have attracted increased attention in smart windows, displays and color-tuneable optical elements because of their zero energy consumption when at various working states ( Ma et al, 2021 ; Kim et al, 2021 ; Cui et al, 2019 ; Seong et al, 2018 ; Park et al, 2017 ; Wu et al, 2021 ). Especially, multicolor electrochromic displays are one of the most versatile applications because they can retain their colored states without the need to supply electrical power.…”