Optimized PV-based induction motor drive for electric vehicle system with bidirectional converter: modeling and analysis

Abstract

An electric vehicle (EV) system is a transportation solution that relies on electric propulsion rather than traditional internal combustion engines. Induction motors are well-suited for EVs, offering high torque at low speeds, ideal for city driving. To enhance the sustainability of the EV system, photovoltaic (PV) panels are integrated to directly power the induction motor using renewable solar energy. The PV panels' optimal sizing and placement are achieved through the modified sandpiper optimization (MSO) algorithm, maximizing their efficiency. Additionally, an improved competitive swarm optimization (ICSO) algorithm is employed to optimize power interfaces in the PV-powered EV system, addressing issues with traditional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques. To facilitate bidirectional power flow and mitigate voltage unbalance, a bidirectional DC-DC converter is implemented. Through extensive simulation scenarios, the proposed induction motor-driven EV system is thoroughly validated and compared to state-of-the-art EV systems utilizing brushless DC (BLDC) motors. The comparative analysis assesses system efficiency, power output, torque characteristics, and overall performance, providing valuable insights into the suitability and advantages of using induction motors in EV systems. This research contributes to advancing sustainable and efficient EV technologies, offering a greener mode of transportation for a more environmentally friendly future.