Optimizing Ammonia Pressurization/Depressurization Processing Conditions to Enhance Enzymatic Susceptibility of Dwarf Elephant Grass

Ferrer, Alexis; Byers, F. M.; Sulbarán-de-Ferrer, Betzabé; Dale, Bruce E.; Aiello, Cateryna

doi:10.1385/abab:84-86:1-9:163

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The yield was also higher for the greater enzyme dose as expected (>twofold). Although solid content could be increased up to 10% without negative effects on the sugar yield, the highest yield obtained (16%) was very low, as it has also been found in other nontreated materials such as grasses and legumes (20-26%) [7,17], typical of complex lignocellulosic materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Protein and cellulose contents remained constant and hemicellulose and lignin contents decreased about 10% (0.95% and 15.15%, respectively). In ammonia treatments applied to grasses and legumes, hemicellulose and lignin were partially solubilized, up to 50 and 30%, respectively, at optimal treatment conditions [7,17]. In those materials, however, the lignin content was much lower (3-6%), and the treatments were more severe (greater ammonia loading, 1 kg ammonia/kg dry matter, and temperature 90°C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A solids loading of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% w/v and enzyme doses (cellulase and xylanase) of 2 and 5 IU/g dry matter were used, in 500 ml Erlenmeyers containing 100 ml of 0.05 M citrate buffer (pH 4.8) placed at 50°C for 48 h in an INNOVA 4300 incubator shaker (New Brunswick Scientific, Edison, NJ, USA) with 100 rpm [7]. Sodium azide was added for preservation (0.15%).…”

Section: Enzymatic Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individual sugars were measured by HPLC [7]. Standard sugars for HPLC were sucrose, glucose, xylose, arabinose, fructose, mannose, and galactose (SIGMA, MO, USA).…”

Section: Amino Acid and Sugar Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, protein extraction leaves a solid fraction rich in cellulose which can be converted into sugars with greater yields [7] and these into ethanol by fermentation. The objective of this work was to treat cassava leaves with ammonia in order to enhance the protein extraction and the sugars yield obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Protein Extraction and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Ammonia-Treated Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Urribarrí

Chacón

González

et al. 2008

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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In the present work, cassava leaves were treated with 0.5 kg ammonia/kg dry matter at 78 degrees C and 30% moisture content in a 2-kg reactor. Protein extraction was carried out with a calcium hydroxide solution (pH 10) for 30 min at several temperatures (30 degrees C, 45 degrees C, 60 degrees C, 75 degrees C, and 90 degrees C) and solid/liquid ratios (1:10 and 1:15) in a thermostatized bath. Soluble protein content of the extracts was determined by Lowry's method. Dry substrate concentrations of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% and enzyme doses of 2 and 5 IU/g dry matter were used for the enzymatic hydrolysis in an orbital incubator at 50 degrees C and 100 rpm. Both cellulase and xylanase were used. Reducing sugars produced were determined with the dinitrosalicylic acid method. The highest protein extraction yield for the ammonia-treated leaves was 29.10%, which was 50% higher than with the untreated leaves (20%), and was obtained at 90 degrees C with a 1:10 solid/liquid ratio. The concentrate had a protein content of 36.35% and the amino acid profile was suitable for swine and poultry. The highest sugar yield was 54.72% with respect to theoretical and was obtained with 5% solids and an enzyme dose of 5 IU/g dry matter. This yield was 3.4 times higher than the yield of the untreated leaves (16.13%). These results indicate that cassava leaves have a great potential for animal feeding and ethanol production. Both protein extraction and sugar yields may be enhanced by optimizing the ammonia treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enzymatic Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individual sugars were measured by HPLC [7]. Standard sugars for HPLC were sucrose, glucose, xylose, arabinose, fructose, mannose, and galactose (SIGMA, MO, USA).…”

Section: Amino Acid and Sugar Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protein Extraction and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Ammonia-Treated Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Urribarrí

Chacón

González

et al. 2008

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Kim¹

2013

Bioprocessing Technologies in Biorefinery for Sustainable Production of Fuels, Chemicals, and Polymers

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Lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels and biochemicals: A comprehensive review with a focus on ethanol organosolv pretreatment technology

Zhou

Lei

et al. 2018

Biotech & Bioengineering

139

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Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the potential feedstocks to produce second-generation cellulosic ethanol and biochemicals. To enhance the enzymatic digestibility of lignocellulosic biomass for efficient enzymatic saccharification, a variety of pretreatment methods have been studied. Among these, organosolv pretreatment using ethanol is a promising pretreatment method owing to its inherent advantages, such as low solvent cost, lack of toxicity, the ability to retain most cellulose fraction in substrates for enzymatic hydrolysis, coproduction of high-purity lignin and hemicellulosic sugars, easy solvent recovery, and reuse. In this review, the research progress regarding different types of ethanol organosolv pretreatment processes has been summarized in terms of methods, substrate properties, reaction mechanisms, delignification kinetic as well as the impact of pretreatment methods on the enzymatic digestibility. Attempts are also made to provide insights into the complete utilization of lignocellulosic biomass to achieve high potential revenues. Though some ethanol organosolv processes have been studied or are being developed towards commercialization, ethanol organosolv pretreatment is still facing some challenges. Finally, the direction for future work is given to develop a proper ethanol organosolv pretreatment for commercialization.

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Optimizing Ammonia Pressurization/Depressurization Processing Conditions to Enhance Enzymatic Susceptibility of Dwarf Elephant Grass

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Protein Extraction and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Ammonia-Treated Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Protein Extraction and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Ammonia-Treated Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels and biochemicals: A comprehensive review with a focus on ethanol organosolv pretreatment technology

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