Optimizing charge breeding techniques for ISOL facilities in Europe: Conclusions from the EMILIE project

Delahaye, P.; Galatà, A.; Angot, J.; Cam, J.F.; Traykov, E.; Ban, G.; Celona, L.; Choiński, J.; Gmaj, P.; Jardin, P.; Koivisto, H.; Kolhinen, V. S.; Lamy, T.; Maunoury, L.; Patti, Gary J.; Thuillier, T.; Tarvainen, O.; Vondrasek, R.; Wenander, F.

doi:10.1063/1.4935229

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The observation has far-reaching consequences. It can be argued that the (delayed) appearance of instabilities is due to the variation of the electron energy distribution in a time-scale similar to the reported breeding times (90 % rise times) of the high charge states of the injected ions [29]. Since the method of measuring the breeding time, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Plasma instabilities of a charge breeder ECRIS

Tarvainen

Angot

Izotov

et al. 2017

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Experimental observation of plasma instabilities in a charge breeder electron cyclotron resonance ion source (CB-ECRIS) is reported. It is demonstrated that the injection of 133 Cs + or 85 Rb + ion beam into the oxygen discharge of the CB-ECRIS can trigger electron cyclotron instabilities, which restricts the parameter space available for the optimization of the charge breeding efficiency. It is concluded that the transition from stable to unstable plasma regime is caused by gradual accumulation and ionization of Cs/Rb and simultaneous change of the discharge parameters in 10 -100 ms time scale, not by a prompt interaction between the incident ion beam and the ECRIS plasma. The instabilities lead to loss of ion confinement, which results to sputtering of the surfaces in contact with the plasma followed by up to an order of magnitude increase of impurity currents in the extracted n+ ion beam.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Plasma instabilities of a charge breeder ECRIS

Tarvainen

Angot

Izotov

et al. 2017

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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“…Based on an early version of the Phoenix charge breeder used at ISOLDE for charge breeding studies [12,13], the SPIRAL 1 charge breeder has been upgraded in the frame of the EMILIE project [26] to benefit from the latest advances in the field [27,28]. The upgraded charge breeder is using ultra-high vacuum compliant components, including an Al plasma chamber.…”

Section: Ecr Charge Breeder Performancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New exotic beams from the SPIRAL 1 upgrade

Delahaye

Dubois

Maunoury

et al. 2020

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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Since 2001, the SPIRAL 1 facility has been one of the pioneering facilities in ISOL techniques for reaccelerating radioactive ion beams: the fragmentation of the heavy ion beams of GANIL on graphite targets and subsequent ionization in the Nanogan ECR ion source has permitted to deliver beams of gaseous elements (He, N, O, F, Ne, Ar, Kr) to numerous experiments. Thanks to the CIME cyclotron, energies up to 20 AMeV could be obtained. In 2014, the facility was stopped to undertake a major upgrade, with the aim to extend the production capabilities of SPIRAL 1 to a number of new elements. This upgrade, which is presently under commissioning, consists in the integration of an ECR booster in the SPIRAL 1 beam line to charge breed the beam of different 1+ sources. A FEBIAD source (the so-called VADIS from ISOLDE) was chosen to be the future workhorse for producing many metallic ion beams. This source was coupled to the SPIRAL 1 graphite targets and tested on-line with different beams at GANIL. The charge breeder is an upgraded version of the Phoenix booster which was previously tested in ISOLDE. It was lately commissioned at LPSC and more recently in the SPIRAL 1 beam lines with stable beams. The upgrade additionally permits the use of other target material than graphite. In particular, the use of fragmentation targets will permit to produce higher intensities than from projectile fragmentation, and thin targets of high Z will be used for producing beams by fusion-evaporation. The performances of the aforementioned ingredients of the upgrade (targets, 1+ source and charge breeder) have been and are still being optimized in the frame of different European projects (EMILIE, ENSAR and ENSAR2). The upgraded SPIRAL 1 facility will provide soon its first new beams for physics and further beam development are undertaken to prepare for the next AGATA campaign. The results obtained during the on-line commissioning period permit to evaluate intensities for new beams from the upgraded facility.

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“…The validity of the proposed modelling strategy has been cross-checked by the results collected during an experimental campaign performed at LPSC within the EMILIE project [29,38] V. Then, by acquiring the so called ∆V curves (the CB-efficiency of a given ion as a function of ∆V) at different power levels, completely different trends were observed for low and high charge states: an example is shown in figure 1(a). While the CB-efficiency of Rb 20+ ions (and any q+ >5+) shows the typical peak at ∆V opt , the one of Rb 1+ ions sees a monotonic increase up to more or less ∆ = − V 25 V, where it starts saturating.…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

A new numerical description of the interaction of an ion beam with a magnetized plasma in an ECR-based charge breeding device

Galatà

Neri

Celona

2016

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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11] or electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (ECRIS) [12] to the charge breeding process. Both techniques were compared during FP6 [13] in view of the performances expected for EURISOL, and were found to be complementary: among the two, the ECRIS-based charge breeders (ECR-CB) are usually chosen for their high acceptance in terms of injected current and emittance, the reliability, the possibility to operate both in continuous and pulsed mode, and the high charge states produced. A drawback is the presence of contaminants in the extracted beam, that could possibly hide the peaks of the radioactive ions of interest: this effect can be limited by properly treating all the surfaces exposed to vacuum, and by implementing a spectrometer of adequate resolution downstream the charge breeder, as in the case of the SPES project, which will adopt this kind of device [14,15].

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Optimizing charge breeding techniques for ISOL facilities in Europe: Conclusions from the EMILIE project

Abstract: Delahaye, P.; Galatà, A.; Angot, J.; Cam, J. F.; Traykov, E.; Ban, G.; Celona, L.; Choinski, J.; Gmaj, P.; Jardin, P.; Koivisto, Hannu; Kolhinen, Veli; Lamy, T.; Maunoury, L.; Patti, G.; Thuillier, T.; Tarvainen, Olli; Vondrasek, R.; Wenander, F.

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Plasma instabilities of a charge breeder ECRIS

Plasma instabilities of a charge breeder ECRIS

New exotic beams from the SPIRAL 1 upgrade

A new numerical description of the interaction of an ion beam with a magnetized plasma in an ECR-based charge breeding device

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