2007
DOI: 10.1021/jp0761618
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Optimizing Conical Intersections without Derivative Coupling Vectors:  Application to Multistate Multireference Second-Order Perturbation Theory (MS-CASPT2)

Abstract: We introduce a new method for optimizing minimal energy conical intersections (MECIs), based on a sequential penalty constrained optimization in conjunction with a smoothing function. The method is applied to optimize MECI geometries using the multistate formulation of second-order multireference perturbation theory (MS-CASPT2). Resulting geometries and energetics for conjugated molecules including ethylene, butadiene, stilbene, and the green fluorescent protein chromophore are compared with state-averaged com… Show more

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Cited by 378 publications
(523 citation statements)
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“…50 It has been confirmed that at all MECIs reported in this work the energy differences between the two relevant electronic states are less than ~0.1 eV at the MS-CASPT2 level used to determine the MECI geometries.…”
Section: Computational Detailssupporting
confidence: 71%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…50 It has been confirmed that at all MECIs reported in this work the energy differences between the two relevant electronic states are less than ~0.1 eV at the MS-CASPT2 level used to determine the MECI geometries.…”
Section: Computational Detailssupporting
confidence: 71%
“…The MECI search is also performed at the MS-CASPT2 level since the MECI points determined by SA-CASSCF or SS-CASPT2 are often quite different from those obtained by MS-CASPT2. The MECI search between the i-and j-th electronic states (i = j+1) is performed by a penalty-function approach proposed by Levine et al,50 where the following function is minimized…”
Section: Computational Detailsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…27 Although the MSPT2 method was used some time ago for minimal energy conical intersection optimization, 28 it has only recently been used in nonadiabatic dynamics simulations. 15 However, the lack of analytical nonadiabatic coupling vectors at the MSPT2 level has been an obstacle to widespread use for both intersection optimization and nonadiabatic dynamics.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Maeda et al 65 have shown that the branching-plane (BP) updating method is an efficient algorithm to locate CI points, because the method does not require the nonadiabatic coupling matrix elements (NACMEs) that are missing or computationally demanding for some correlated electronic structure methods. Although the penalty-constrained optimization 39,66 was adopted in the previous studies, 56,57 a comparative study at the semiempirical configuration-interaction level has shown that the penalty-constrained method needs many more optimization steps. 67 The organization of this paper is as follows.…”
Section: -2mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…39,66 As described in Sec. II B, the BP updating method was adopted in this work since the NACME for SFDFT is not available in the current version of GAMESS.…”
Section: Computational Detailsmentioning
confidence: 99%