Optimizing Data Reduction Procedures in Spatial Heterodyne Raman Spectroscopy with Applications to Planetary Surface Analogs

Egan, Miles J.; Angel, S. Michael; Sharma, Shiv K.

doi:10.1177/0003702818755136

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The basic design and operation of the SHRS has been discussed previously. 1–11,20–41 In the interferometer, collimated light is passed through a 50:50 beam splitter, dividing the beam into two parts which are directed onto tilted diffraction gratings. After being diffracted off the gratings, the beams recombine at the beamsplitter as crossing wave fronts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Monolithic Spatial Heterodyne Raman Spectrometer: Initial Tests

et al. 2020

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Monolithic Spatial Heterodyne Raman Spectrometer: Initial Tests

et al. 2020

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“…In addition, the large light gathering capability (etendue) and potential for transformative levels of miniaturisation make SHS designs well suited to portable Raman spectroscopy. 6 As a result, academic groups, [7][8][9][10] space agencies 11 and companies 12 are pushing the performance boundaries of both GS and SHS instruments. Despite the growing interest, in the context of Raman spectroscopy, the literature shows a picture of a comparative performance analysis between these two competing technologies which is limited to a very few experimental works.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grating Spectrometry and Spatial Heterodyne Fourier Transform Spectrometry: Comparative Noise Analysis for Raman Measurements

et al. 2020

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The desire for portable Raman spectrometers is continuously driving the development of novel spectrometer architectures where miniaturisation can be achieved without the penalty of a poorer detection performance. Spatial heterodyne spectrometers are emerging as potential candidates for challenging the dominance of traditional grating spectrometers, thanks to their larger etendue and greater potential for miniaturisation. This paper provides a generic analytical model for estimating and comparing the detection performance of Raman spectrometers based on grating spectrometer and spatial heterodyne spectrometer designs by deriving the analytical expressions for the performance estimator (signal-to-noise ratio, SNR) for both types of spectrometers. The analysis shows that, depending on the spectral characteristics of the Raman light and on the values of some instrument-specific parameters, the ratio of the SNR estimates for the two spectrometers ([Formula: see text]) can vary as much as by two orders of magnitude. Limit cases of these equations are presented for a subset of spectral regimes which are of practical importance in real-life applications of Raman spectroscopy. In particular, under the experimental conditions where the background signal is comparable or larger than the target Raman line and shot noise is the dominant noise contribution, the value of [Formula: see text] is, to a first order of approximation, dependent solely on the relative values of each spectrometer’s etendue and on the number of row pixels in the detector array. For typical values of the key instrument-specific parameters (e.g., etendue, number of pixels, spectral bandwidth), the analysis shows that spatial heterodyne spectrometer-based Raman spectrometers have the potential to compete with compact grating spectrometer designs for delivering in a much smaller footprint (10–30 times) levels of detection performance that are approximately only five to ten times poorer.

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“…The crossed wavefronts, which represent a superposition of spatial interference fringes, are converted to a spectrum upon applying a Fourier transform (FT). Since Harlander's pioneering work, SHS has been used for many applications, including the measurement of emission spectra and wind velocities in gas clouds [7][8][9][10] ; measurement of Raman spectra [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] of organics, inorganic salts, and minerals; and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy [19] of brass alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐mirror, one‐grating spatial heterodyne spectrometer for remote‐sensing Raman spectroscopy

Egan

Acosta-Maeda

Angel

et al. 2020

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Recently, we evaluated a new type of Fourier transform Raman spectrometer, the spatial heterodyne Raman spectrometer (SHRS), which provides high‐resolution Raman spectra without the need for an entrance slit. An SHRS is a variant of a Michelson interferometer in which the mirrors in the arms of a Michelson interferometer are replaced by two stationary diffraction gratings. Instead of sampling path length differences temporally, as in the case of a Michelson interferometer, SHRS samples path length differences spatially at a two‐dimensional array detector. Applying a Fourier transform to the resulting interferogram recovers the desired spectrum. In the modified SHRS (mSHRS) instrument used in the present work, one of the diffraction gratings has been replaced by a stationary λ/10 mirror. This modification has a few effects. First, the detector records a greater number of photons, as spectral light is not lost into unused diffraction orders in the mirror arm of mSHRS. Second, the free spectral range (wavelength coverage) is doubled, whereas the spectral resolution is cut in half. In this work, the authors present remote‐sensing Raman spectra of minerals, organics, and biomarkers using this mSHRS for the first time.

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Optimizing Data Reduction Procedures in Spatial Heterodyne Raman Spectroscopy with Applications to Planetary Surface Analogs

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

A Monolithic Spatial Heterodyne Raman Spectrometer: Initial Tests

A Monolithic Spatial Heterodyne Raman Spectrometer: Initial Tests

Grating Spectrometry and Spatial Heterodyne Fourier Transform Spectrometry: Comparative Noise Analysis for Raman Measurements

One‐mirror, one‐grating spatial heterodyne spectrometer for remote‐sensing Raman spectroscopy

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