Optimizing date palm leaf and pistachio shell biochar properties for antibiotic adsorption by varying pyrolysis temperature

Assessment of Pistachio Shell-Based Biochar Application in the Sustainable Amendment of Soil and Its Performance in Enhancing Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Growth

“…The proximate analysis showed a decreasing tendency in the VM content. Similar findings have been reported in previous studies [51][52][53][54]. VM represents a fraction that is likely to degrade with the increase in pyrolytic temperature due to thermochemical conversion, transforming pyrolytic volatiles into gases and low-molecular-weight organic compounds.…”

“…This phenomenon is a characteristic behavior of the raw material during the pyrolysis process because at higher temperatures there is a structural degradation of the core, resulting in the release of O and H atoms bound to C [61]. Similar results have been observed by other authors [52,54,[60][61][62][63]. The atomic O/C ratio has a remarkable influence on biochar stability because it is not completely inert when it is added to soil.…”

“…It has been revealed as a critical parameter for assessing the carbon sequestration capacity of biochar [53]. The FC content of PSB obtained at all temperatures was significantly higher than those reported by Rodriguez Ortiz et al [53] for biochar from almonds and walnut shells; however, the found values were similar to those obtained by Schmidt et al [54]. This aspect suggests that the PSB obtained at all temperatures had an efficient carbon retention.…”

Cephalexin interaction with biosolids-derived dissolved organic matter: binding mechanism and implications for adsorption by biochar and clay

“…29 Biochar was subsequently characterized by previously described methods. 30 Montmorillonite (SWy-1 Na-montmorillonite, Crook County, WY, USA) used in adsorption experiments was acquired from the Source Clay Minerals Repository (Clay Minerals Society, Columbia, MO, USA). Prior to use in adsorption studies, montmorillonite was subjected to removal of carbonates, free oxides and organic matter, followed by Na-saturation and isolation of <2 μm size fraction.…”

Efficient Adsorption of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Wastewater by Biochar

“…Different biomass raw materials have different structures, and the chemical element content [ 74 ], specific surface area [ 75 ], ash content [ 76 ], and functional groups [ 74 ] contained in biochar after pyrolysis are also different, which will further affect the adsorption effects of biochar. Typical raw materials are corn [ 18 , 69 ], straw [ 77 , 78 ], peanut hull [ 19 ], wheat straw [ 21 ], rape straw [ 21 ], animal manure [ 79 ], and some agricultural wastes [ 80 , 81 , 82 ], which can be anaerobic at high temperatures. Researchers [ 83 ] used sewage sludge and walnut shells to prepare the original biochar and found that the carbon content and specific surface area of sewage sludge biochar (SBC) were much lower than those of walnut shell biochar (BC), but it contained more metal elements than walnut shell biochar.…”